B14

Question 1

Natural selection(6)

Answer 1

• Organisms produce lots of offspring
• They show genetic variation
• some better suited to environment so survive when change occurs
• They possess beneficial genes
• They breed and pass on these genes/beneficial alleles

Question 2

Selective Breeding(4)
(Cow example)

Answer 2

• Find female that produces large volumes of low fat milk
• Breed with male whose previous offspring produced large volumes of low fat milk
• Further breed over more generations with original cows till you can no longer interbreed

Question 3

Selective Breeding

Adv/Disadvantages

Answer 3

ADVANTAGES:
Animals produce more milk/meat
Domestic dogs with gentle nature
Disease resistance in crops
Large or unusual flowers 

DISADVANTAGES:
Less variation
More prone to disease
Inherited disorders

Question 4

Genetic Engineering

Insulin production

Answer 4

1) Isolate gene that codes for human insulin
2) Enzyme cuts out gene
3) Insert gene for human insulin into a vector (bacterial plasmid)
4) replace plasmid into bacteria and grow
5) divide by binary fission creating more insulin

Question 5

Adult cell cloning

Answer 5

• Nucleus removed from unfertilised egg
• Adult body cell,skin cell, removed from animal and inserted into egg
• electro fusion stimulated the egg to divide and form embryo
• contains same genetic information as adult cell
• when developed into balls of cells insert into surrogates womb for further development