B14

Question 1

What is used as evidence of evolution?

Answer 1

• fossils

- antibiotic resistance

Question 2

Why is darwins theory widely excepted?

Answer 2

Shown characteristics are passed on to the offspring in genes. Also evolution of bacteria shows the same thing.

Question 3

What are fossil?

Answer 3

Remains of organisms from millions of years ago which are found in rocks

Question 4

How might fossils be formed?

Answer 4

• Parts of organisms that have not decayed because one or more of the conditions needed for decay are absent
• when parts of an organism are replaced by minerals as they decay
• as preserved traces of an organism , such as footprints , burrows and rootlet traces

Question 5

What happens when there is a gradual replacement by minerals?

Answer 5

Replaced by minerals as they decau forming a rock like substance shaped like the original hard part, surrounding sediments also turn to rock and eventually someone digs it up

Question 6

What can we learn from fossils?

Answer 6

How much or how little different organims have changed as life developed on earth.

Question 7

Why can’t scientists be certain about how life began?

Answer 7

Many early forms of life were soft bodied , so they left few traces behind. The traces left had been destroyed by geological activity.

Question 8

What is extinction?

Answer 8

When there are no remaining individuals of a species still alive

Question 9

What is antibiotic resistance?

Answer 9

When bacteria develop random mutations in there dna to be resistant to antibitotics

Question 10

Why bacteria evolve quickly

Answer 10

They reproduce rapidly

Question 11

Why antibiotics resistance helps bacteria?

Answer 11

Helps it survive even in a host being treated to get rid of the infection, it reproduced many more times. Increase population of resistant strain of bacteria.

Question 12

How antibiotic resistance is a problem?

Answer 12

No effective treatment , so the infection could spread between people. Superbugs are becoming more common which are resistant to most bacteria.

Question 13

What is MRSA?

Answer 13

Superbug thats hard to get rid off, often effects people in hospitals and can be fatal if enters their blood stream

Question 14

How should we try to stop antibiotic resistant strains from appearing?

Answer 14

• doctors should not prescribe anitbitocics inappropriately such as for non serious or viral infections
• patients need to complete their course of antibiotics so all bacteria are killed and none survive to mutate and form resistant strains
• agricultural use of antibiotics should be restricted

Question 15

Why it is difficult to keep up with antibiotic resistance?

Answer 15

Devlopment of new drugs is costky and slow

Question 16

How have organisms traditionally been classified?

Answer 16

According to a system first proposed in the 1700s by carl Linnaeus which groups living things according to characteristics and the structures that make them . Living Things are divided into kingdoms then into smaller and smaller groups

Question 17

What Is the order of the groups that are subdivided from kingdoms?

Answer 17

Phylum, 
class, 
order
 , family 
genus , 
species

In this order ^

Question 18

Why classification has chnaged?

Answer 18

Knowledge of biochemical processes inside organisms developed , and microscopes improved , scientists began to put forward new models

Question 19

What did carl woese propose?

Answer 19

The three domain system

Question 20

What was the three domain system?

Answer 20

Using evidence using analysis techniques he found in some cases species thought to be closely related are not. It has three domains , archaea , bacteria and eukaryota

Question 21

What is the archaea domain?

Answer 21

Primitive bacteria , often found in extreme places such as hot springs and salt lakes

Question 22

What is the bacteria domain?

Answer 22

Contains true bacteria like ecoli . Although they are similar to archaea , but there are lots of biochemcial differences

Question 23

What is the eukaryote domain?

Answer 23

Includes broad range of organisms including fungi , plants , animals , protists

Question 24

What is the binomial system.

Answer 24

Every organism is given a two part latin name , first part refers to genus and second refers to species. Used to help scientist all around the world have on language

Question 25

What is the humans binomial name?

Answer 25

Homo spaiens

Homo is genus, sapien isspecies

Question 26

What are evolutionary trees?

Answer 26

Method by scientists to show how they believe organism are related . They use current classification data for living organisms and fossil data for extinct organisms