B1.4-5 Specialised Cells (specific Cell Flash Cards)
What are some examples of specialised cells in animals?
Sperm cells, muscle cells and nerve cells ( many more but these are the ones you need to know)
What are some examples of specialised cells in plants?
Root hair cells, xylem cell and photosynthetic cell
What is the function of the sperm cell and how is it adapted for its job?
Function- contains the male parents genetic information
Adaptations- long tail (flagellum) allowing it to move , middle full of mitochondria to produce energy, large nucleus, contains digestive enzymes
What is the function of the red blood cell and how is it adapted for its job?
Function- to carry oxygen around the body
Adaptations- biconcave disk, no nucleus so more room for haemoglobin and haemoglobin
What is the function of the nerve cell and how is it adapted for its job?
Function- to carry electrical impulses around the body
Adaptations- lots of dendrites to make connections to other nerve cells, synapses to pass impulses and very long
What is the role of the xylem cell and how is adapted to its role?
Function- to carry water and mineral ions from the roots to leaves
Adaptations-lignin builds up in the cell walls
What is the function of the photosynthetic cell and how is it adapted for its job?
Function- carry out photosynthesis
Adaptations- contains chloroplasts which trap light
What is the function of the root hair cell and how is it adapted for its job?
Function- to carry in water and minerals
Adaptation- increase the surface area for water to move into cell, large permanent vacuole and many mitochondria
What is the function of the muscle cell and how is it adapted to suite this job ?
Function
To contract and relax to enable your body to move
Adaption
Special proteins that can slide over each other
Many mitochondria to transfer energy
Store of glycogen to brake down to respiration
