B1.1.1 - Plant and animal cells Flashcards
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
What is the difference between Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells possess nucleus, which is where their genetic material is. Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus so their genetic material floats around in the cytoplasm.
How large are Eukaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells are between 10 micrometers and 100 micrometers in size
How large are Prokaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are between 1 micrometer and 10 micrometers in size
Name two examples of Eukaryotic cells
Plant cells and animal cells
Name one example of a Prokaryotic cell
Bacterial cells
Which sub cellular structures do all Eukaryotic cells contain?
A nucleus, cytoplasm, a cell membrane and mitochondria
What is the purpose of the nucleus?
It controls the activities of the cell. It contains the organism’s genetic material, arranged as chromosomes. The nucleus also contains instructions to make new cells or organisms.
What is the purpose of the cell membrane?
It is a barrier that controls which substances pass into and out the cell. It also contains receptor molecules.
What are the differences between plant and animal cells?
Plant cells make their own food. They cannot move their whole body from place to place. This means plant cells need extra subcellular structures: a cel wall, a vacuole and chloroplasts.
