B11:Hormonal Coordination Flashcards
Hormones travel_____ than nervous impulses but hormones can cause ________
Slower
Longer lasting effects
What is the endoctrine system composed of?
Glands which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
What does secrete mean
Deposit
How are hormones(chemical messengers ) transported to target organs?
Through the blood stream
What does the pancrease do if blood glucose concentration is too high?
It produces insulin
What does the pacrease do if it detects blood glucose levels are too low?
It produces glucagon
What is/causes type 1 Diabetes?
Little/no insulin produced by the pancrease
-blood glucose levels remain high as glucose can’t get into the cells
What is/causes type 2 Diabetes?
Pancreas still makes insulin but the body stops responding to it
-blood glucose levels stay high
(Insulin resistance)
FOLP
FSH
Oestrogen
LH
Progesterone
What does FSH do?
- matures egg
- stimulatee oestrogen
What does Oestrogen do?
-inhibits FSH
Stimulates LH
What does LH do?
- ovulation
- inhibits oestrogen
- stimulates progesterone
What does Pogesterone do?
Increases the lining of the womb
Stages of IVF(in vitro Fertilisation)
- hormones given to stimulate ovaries to make lots of eggs
- eggs removed from overies through surgery
- sperm collected
- sperm and egg fertilise
- 2-4 fertilised eggs placed in womb
What is the pituary gland?
The master gland, it secretes several hormones into the blood
How can type 1 diabetes be treated?
It is controlled by injecting insulin into the body
How is type 2 diabetes treated?
Treated by a carbohydrate-conteolled diet and taking more exercises(if this doesn’t work more drugs are needed
Where is thyroxine from?
The thyroid gland
What does thyroxine do?
Stimulates the basal metaboilc rate
Where is adrenaline produced?
The adrenal gland
What dpes adrenaline do?
It increases the heart rate and boosts dilivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles, preparing the body for “fight and flight”
What is the difference between thyroxine and adrenaline?
It is controlled by negative feedback
What is blood glucose concentration monitored and controlled by?
Pancrease
What does pancrease produce?
Insulin
What does insulin do?
Allows glucose to move from the blood into the cells and to be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles
What does the pancrease also produce?
Glucagon
What does glucagon do?
Allpws glycogen to be converted back into glucose and released into the blood
How is type 1 diabetes normally controlled by?
Injecting insulin
What is the difference between thyroxine and adrenaline?
Thyroxine is controlled by negative feedback, adrenaline is not
What is negative feebacj?
A cycle to control glucose levels(interaction or insulin and glucagon)
What does tesosterone so?
Stimulates sperm production
Why is the pituary gland claled the master gland?
It releases hormones which act on other glands causing them to release hormones and bring about change
What does insulin do to the body?
Makes glucose move from blood to muscle cells and liver
What is thyroxine produced as a result off?
TSH
What does a negative feeback system do for thyroxine?
Keeps the amount of thyroxine in the blood at a good level
Too high: secretion or TSH from pituary gland is inhibited
Too low: pituary gland increases TSH
