B10: The Human Nervous System Flashcards
What is homeostatis?
The regulation of internal conditions of a cell/organjsm to maintian optimum conditions for funtion in response to internal and external changes
Why is homeostatis important?
It maintanins optimum conditions for emzyme action and cell function
Name three examples of homeostatis in the human body?
- control of blood glucose concentation
- body temperature
- water levels
That three things do all co-ordination centres include?
- receptors
- coordination centres
- effectors
What are effectors and what do they do?
Muscles or glands that bring about responses to the stimulus that has been received
These responses restore conditions in the body to the optimum levels
What are receptors?
Cells that detect chnages in external or internal enviroment
Part of the nervous system or hormonal system
What are coordination centres? And what do they do
Areas that receive and process infomation from receptors
They send out signals and coordinate the response of the body
(An example is the brain)
What do cell receptors detect?
Stimuli
What is stimuli
Changes in the enviroment
What does the nervous system use to enable quick reactions to your surroundings and coordinate your behaviour
Electrical impulses
What are lots of neurones called
Nerves
The impulse travels along the neurone until it reaches the__________
Central nevrous system(CNS)
What is the CNS made out of?
- brain
- spinal chord
What are sensory neurones?
Cells that carry impulses from your sense organs to the CNS
What do motor nuerones do?
Carry infomation from the CNS to the rest of the body(to the effectors)
Describe reflex actions?
-automatic and rapid, do not involve the conscious part of the brain
What neurones do reflexes involve
- sensory neurones
- relay neurones
- motor neurones
What do reflax actions control
Everyday bodily functions
Brething, digestion ect
What are the six stages of a reflex action?
Stimulus-receptor-sensory neurone-relay neurone-motor neurone-effector-response
What do relay neurons allow?
They allows sensory and motor neurons to communicate with each other. Relay neurons connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord,
Describe the pathway of a reflex arc:
Electrical impulses pass from the receptor along the sensory neurone to the CNS. It then passes through the relay neurone and then along the motor neurone.
The impulses then arrive at the effector organ
What is a synapse?
The gap between neurones
