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Biology GCSE > B1 Cell Structure > Flashcards

B1 Cell Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

Chloroplast function

A

Absorbs light for Photosynthesis

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2
Q

Mitochondria function

A

Releases energy through respiration

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3
Q

Cell membrane function

A

Contols movement of substances in and out of a cell

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4
Q

Ribosomes function

A

Protein synthesis, where protein is made

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5
Q

Vacuole function

A

Helps keep cell rigid

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6
Q

Nucleus function

A

Controls cell activities. Contains genetic information needed for new cells to be made.

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7
Q

Cell wall function

A

Strengthens cell, gives it support.

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8
Q

Cytoplasm function

A

Suspended organelles. Where most chemical reactions needed for new life happens.

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9
Q

Which cell parts are only in plant cells?

A

Cell wall, chloroplasts and permanent vacuoles

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10
Q

What are the parts of the microscope?

A

Eyepiece lens, nosepiece, coarse focus adjustment, fine focus adjustment, clip, stage height adjustment, light source, condenser, diaphragm lever, stage, objective lens

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11
Q

Focus is…

A

How sharp the image appears

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12
Q

Eyepiece lens is…

A

Lens nearest the eye

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13
Q

Magnification is…

A

The image size compared to the object size

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14
Q

Objective lens is…

A

Lens nearest the object

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15
Q

The stain is…

A

Chemical used to colour the specimen

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16
Q

Resolution is…

A

The ability to distinguish between 2 separate points. The level of detail shown.

17
Q

Microscopy calculation is…

A

/observed cell \
/ Size \
/—————-\
/Actual \
/cell X Magni-\
/size fication\

18
Q

Prokaryotic cells are…

A

Cells with no nucleus. Mainly bacteria.

19
Q

Eukaryotic cells are…

A

Plant and animal cells. “Regular” cells.

20
Q

Differences between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells…

A

Prokaryotic = Uni-cellular
Have plasmid
Bacteria

Eukaryotic = Multi-cellular
Have Nucleus
Fungal, plant and animal

21
Q

Nerve cell function and structure

A

Specialised to carry electrical impulses around the body

  • Long axon, carries impulses
  • Dendrites, makes connections to other cells
  • Synapses, provide energy
22
Q

Muscle cell function and structure

A

To contract and relax

  • Proteins, make fibres contract
  • Mitochondria, transfers energy for chemical reactions that allow cells to contract and relax
  • Glycogen, used in cellular respiration
23
Q

Sperm cell function and structure

A

To fertilise egg cell by breaking through it

  • Long tail, helps sperm swim through female reproductive system
  • Middle section, mitochondria store which transfers energy for tail
  • Head, shape helps to swim through liquids, stores acrosome to break outer layer of egg
24
Q

Diffusion is…

A

Net movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

25
Q

Diffusion in relation to state of matter…

A

Diffusions only happens in gasses and liquids. It moves faster in gasses because the particles have more energy. Diffusion is passive, it requires no energy.

26
Q

What factors speed up diffusion?

A
  • Temperature rise
  • Large concentration gradient
  • Gas
27
Q

Diffusion in and out of cells

A

Oxygen and dissolved food molecules diffuse into the body cells, moving from higher to lower concentration.

28
Q

What are stem cells

A

Cells that have not undergone differentiation. This means that they have the potential to develop into any type of specialised cell.

29
Q

Active transport…

A

Allows substances to move into cells throught he membrane against the concentration gradient

30
Q

Osmosis is….

A

The movement of water molecules from an area of high water potential (dilute) to an area of low water potential (concentrated) across a partially permeable membrane

31
Q

Osmosis required practical results in terms of glucose concentration in water

A

Higher the glucose concentration in water then the lower the mass is compared to before the potato chip was placed in

Biology GCSE (9 decks)

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