B: REDUCING CRIME

Question 1

What do left wing sociologists see as the main cause of crime?

Answer 1

Social structure

Question 2

What do the left wing focus on?

Answer 2

Inequality, deprivation and social exclusion

Question 3

What do the left wing suggest for crime prevention?

Answer 3

Reducing income equality
Raising living standards
Reducing unemployment
Improving education

Question 4

How do the left wing punish crime?

Answer 4

Focus on rehabilitation- reintegrate back into society
Addressing issues about offending is the best way to prevent reoffending eg mental health treatment
Restoration justice

Question 5

Restoration justice

Answer 5

Looks at the impact of offending, encourages the offender to take responsibility- inclusive approach

Question 6

What do the left wing believe about control?

Answer 6

Focus on the relationship between the CJS, the police and the community

Question 7

What do Lea and Young state about policing?

Answer 7

The public lack confidence in the police

Question 8

What type of policing do the left wing criticise?

Answer 8

Military style policing- leads to less co-operation

Question 9

What do the left-wing state about policing?

Answer 9

Overpolicing of minor crimes leads to the underpolicing of crimes like domestic abuse, white collar crimes

Question 10

What kind of policing do the left wing support?

Answer 10

Multi-agency work- focuses on increasing co-operation between agencies in society

Question 11

Evaluation of left wing methods of crime reduction

Answer 11

Too unrealistic and ineffective
Murray argues that America tried to implement these policies in the 60s/70s and it did not work
RJ requires co-operation

Question 12

What do the right wing believe is needed to achieve crime prevention?

Answer 12

Target hardening, eg installing alarms, locks etc

Question 13

What does Clarke say?

Answer 13

Theft from phone boxes stopped when aluminium coin boxes changed to steel

Question 14

Two types of right wing crime prevention

Answer 14

Situational crime prevention and environment crime prevention

Question 15

Environment crime prevention

Answer 15

CCTV, street lighting

Question 16

_ CCTV for every __ people

Answer 16

1 for every 11

Question 17

Painter and Farrington

Answer 17

45% decrease in crime in well lit areas

Question 18

Right wing view on punishment (3)

Answer 18

Retribution, degradation ceremonies, imprisonment prevents reoffending

Question 19

Retribution

Answer 19

The idea that the punishment must fit the crime

Question 20

Degradation ceremonies

Answer 20

Reinforce collective conscience

Question 21

Right wing view on policing

Answer 21

Increase police control, eg increasing foot patrols

Zero-tolerance policy

Question 22

Zimring

Answer 22

Found that homocide rates in NYC went down 82% with harsher punishments

Question 23

Right wing view on the welfare state

Answer 23

Murray argues the welfare system is overgenerous and encourages reckless behaviour

Question 24

Evaluation of right wing crime prevention methods (3)

Answer 24

Do not address the underlying cause of crime
Crime not addressed, but moved elsewhere
Davis argues it will segregate cities and increase fear

Question 25

82% decline in homocide rates in NYC

Answer 25

Zimring

Question 26

Who found a 45% decrease in crime in well lit areas?

Answer 26

Painter and Farrington

Question 27

Who speaks about the public’s lack of confidence in the police?

Answer 27

Lea and Young