B L O O D Flashcards
what are the formed elements in blood?
- erythrocytes (red blood cells - RBCs)
no nucleus or organelles - leukocytes (white blood cells - WBCs)
only complete cells - platelets (cell fragments)
what are the major components of plasma?
55% of whole blood
water 99%
solutes, electrolytes, proteins, nutrients, gases hormones, nitrogenous wastes
neutrophils %
60-70%
basophils %
0.5-1%
eosinophils %
2-4%
monocytes %
3-8%
lymphocytes %
20-25%
in which organ are all formed elements produced?
red bone marrow
what is the name of the stem cell from which all formed elements are produced?
hemopoietic stem cells
type AB details
antigens: A & B
antibodies: none
can receive: all
(universal recipient)
type B details
antigens: B
antibodies: anti-A
can receive: B & O
type A details
antigens: A
antibodies: anti-B
can receive: A & O
type O details
antigens: none
antibodies: anti-A & anti-B
can receive: O
(universal donor)
my blood type
A: agglutination
B: no agglutination
Rh: agglutination
my type: A+
hemoglobin structure
consists of 2 globin (2 alpha & 2 beta polypeptide chains) & 4 heme groups. Iron atom in each heme can bind to 1 oxygen.
so, 1 hemoglobin molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules
hemoglobin functions
- O2 loading in lungs produces oxyhemoglobin
- O2 unloading in tissues produces deoxyhemoglobin
- O2 loading in the tissues produces carbaminohemoglobin
hemostasis definition
(vascular spasm) - vasoconstriction of damaged blood vessel (to stop bleeding)
coagulation definition
series of reactions - clotting cascade (blood clotting)
hemorrhagic anemia definition
acute or chronic loss of blood
hemolytic anemia definition
RBCs rupture prematurely
pernicious anemia definition
vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed
renal anemia definition
erythropoietin synthesis is limited
aplastic anemia definition
destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow
