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A&P 2 Final > B L O O D > Flashcards

B L O O D Flashcards

1
Q

what are the formed elements in blood?

A
  1. erythrocytes (red blood cells - RBCs)
    no nucleus or organelles
  2. leukocytes (white blood cells - WBCs)
    only complete cells
  3. platelets (cell fragments)
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2
Q

what are the major components of plasma?

A

55% of whole blood
water 99%
solutes, electrolytes, proteins, nutrients, gases hormones, nitrogenous wastes

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3
Q

neutrophils %

A

60-70%

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4
Q

basophils %

A

0.5-1%

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5
Q

eosinophils %

A

2-4%

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6
Q

monocytes %

A

3-8%

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7
Q

lymphocytes %

A

20-25%

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8
Q

in which organ are all formed elements produced?

A

red bone marrow

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9
Q

what is the name of the stem cell from which all formed elements are produced?

A

hemopoietic stem cells

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10
Q

type AB details

A

antigens: A & B
antibodies: none
can receive: all

(universal recipient)

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11
Q

type B details

A

antigens: B
antibodies: anti-A
can receive: B & O

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12
Q

type A details

A

antigens: A
antibodies: anti-B
can receive: A & O

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13
Q

type O details

A

antigens: none
antibodies: anti-A & anti-B
can receive: O

(universal donor)

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14
Q

my blood type

A

A: agglutination
B: no agglutination
Rh: agglutination

my type: A+

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15
Q

hemoglobin structure

A

consists of 2 globin (2 alpha & 2 beta polypeptide chains) & 4 heme groups. Iron atom in each heme can bind to 1 oxygen.

so, 1 hemoglobin molecule can carry 4 oxygen molecules

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16
Q

hemoglobin functions

A
  1. O2 loading in lungs produces oxyhemoglobin
  2. O2 unloading in tissues produces deoxyhemoglobin
  3. O2 loading in the tissues produces carbaminohemoglobin
17
Q

hemostasis definition

A

(vascular spasm) - vasoconstriction of damaged blood vessel (to stop bleeding)

18
Q

coagulation definition

A

series of reactions - clotting cascade (blood clotting)

19
Q

hemorrhagic anemia definition

A

acute or chronic loss of blood

20
Q

hemolytic anemia definition

A

RBCs rupture prematurely

21
Q

pernicious anemia definition

A

vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed

22
Q

renal anemia definition

A

erythropoietin synthesis is limited

23
Q

aplastic anemia definition

A

destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow

A&P 2 Final (10 decks)

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