B: Cells and Systems, section 1: structure, function, organs Flashcards
What are two terms for living things?
- biotic
- organisms
What is a cell?
A cell is the basic unit of life. Cells perform the processes that life depends on.
Where do cells come from?
All organisms are made up of at least one cell. And every cell comes from another cell
Do non-living things have cells?
No, unless the non-living thing was once alive
Why do all living things need energy?
Energy gives organisms the ability to move or change
How do plants and animals obtain energy?
- Plants use energy from the sun to make food
- Animals get food from the environment around them
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the processes that take place in the cell
What is a stimulus?
A stimulus is anything that causes a response in an organism
Do you ever stop growing?
No, never, unless you die.
For example, new skin is always being produced.
What is adaptation?
An adaptation is a characteristic that allows an organism to live in its environment
What are the parts of an organism that perform a specific task?
Structure
What are different structures that some animals and plants use?
Wings, tails, legs, and arms
Why are there many variations on structures that perform the same function?
It depends on what kind of food the species eats and what kind of environment they live in
What is a system?
A bunch of organs put together to perform a function
What is an organ?
A part of an organ system, made of different types of tissues.
What is the function of the circulatory system?
- Transport oxygen food and other substances throughout the body
- Transport some wastes to other organs for elimination
- Defend the body against diseases
- Connect all other organ systems
What organs are part of the circulatory system?
Heart Arteries Veins Capillaries Blood
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
- Transport oxygen from the outside air to the blood
* Transport carbon dioxide from the blood to the outside air
What organs are part of the respiratory system?
Nose Mouth Trachea Diaphragm Bronchi Lungs
What is the functions of the digestive system?
•Break down food pieces into much smaller particles so they can be absorbed and transported throughout the body
What are the organs in the digestive system?
Salivary glands Mouth Esophagus Stomach Liver Pancreas Gall bladder Small intestine Large intestine
What are the functions of the nervous system?
- Coordinate and control the actions of all organs and organ system
- Detect, process, and respond to changes in external and internal environments
What is the function of the excretory system?
•Remove chemical and gaseous waste from the blood
What organs are part of the excretory system?
Kidneys Bladder Lungs Skin Liver
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
- Provide moveable support frame for the body
- Protect soft tissue organs such as the heart and lungs
What are the parts of the nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
Sensing organs
What are the parts of the skeletal system?
Bones
Cartilage
What is the function of the muscular system?
- Move bones
- Move organs that contain muscle tissue
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
- Protect the body’s internal environment from the external environment
- Senses pain, pressure, and temperature
What are the parts of the integumentary system?
Skin
Which systems classify us as living?
For grow and develop the integumentary system because the skin grows
For respond to the environment nervous system
For need energy the digestive system because it breaks down the food particles
What are the characteristics of living things?
- They are made of cells
- They need energy
- They grow and develop
- They respond to their environment
- They reproduce
- They have adaptations for their environment
