B: Cells and Systems, section 4: Health Science Flashcards
What did Edward Jenner do to stop people from getting small pox?
He infected people with cow pox on purpose to make them immune. Creating the first vaccination
Who was the first person to discover living micro-organisms?
Louis Pasteur
Who discovered that germs caused infectious diseases?
Louis Pasteur
Who introduced the practice of cleanliness and sterilization?
Joseph Lister
How did Louis Pasteur get rid of germs?
By heating up substances to 60 degrees
Why could early sailors only bring non-perishable foods?
So they wouldn’t spoil
Why did sailors get scurvy?
Because they could only bring non-perishable foods and that meant no fruits that were rich in vitamin c. Therefor they got vitamin c deficiency
What are the contents of a cigarette?
Tar, carbon monoxide, and nicotine
What is Tar?
A dark sticky substance that forms when a cigarette burns. When a smoker inhales this it settles on the respiratory organs
What is carbon monoxide?
A colorless odorless gas that is released when a cigarette burns. When a smoker inhales this it get into their system and makes their heart beat faster.
What is nicotine?
Nicotine a speeds up the heart and raises blood pressure. It is also addictive.
What is bronchitis?
Bronchitis is a disease that occurs when build up of substances on the bronchi cause them to become narrower. Giving them a hard time breath
What is emphysema?
Emphysema occurs when cigarette smoke damages lung tissue.
How many chemicals in a cigarette cause cancer?
40 of the 400
What is cholesterol?
What the body converts fat into
What is the build up of cholesterol in the arteries called?
Atherosclerosis
How does atherosclerosis affect the body?
It makes the arteries thinner making the heart pump more
What are stomach ulcers?
When the stomach doesn’t produce enough mucus and stomach basically eats itself.
What causes stomach ulcers?
H.pylori. I can’t be digested.
What did Edward Jenner notice about small pox?
People who got cow pox almost never got small pox
