B / 14 : Androgens, anabolic steroids, antiandrogens. Agents affecting sexual activity Flashcards
What are some of the main effects of androgens? (4)
- Differenciation of male genitalia
- Development of external genitalia
- Growth promotion in puberty
- Fat tissue decrease in puberty
Indications for androgens (4)
- Hypogonadism
- Hormonal supplementation in later stages of life
- Anabolic indication (grow muscle and reduce fat)
- Increase erythropoiesis
Contraindications for androgens (5)
- Prostate cancer
- Children
- Liver disease
- Heart failure
- Kidney failure
Why are androgens contraindicated in children?
It causes fast epiphyseal closure
Side effects of androgens in women (4)
- Hirsutism
- Amenorrhea
- Deepened voice
- GnRH secretion
Side effects of androgens in men (3)
- Feminization (due to feedback inhibition)
- Prostate pathology
- GnRH secretion
What are the medically used androgens?
- Testosterone-undecanoate
- Nandrolone
Testosterone-undecanoate
- MOA
- Effect
- Indication
- SE
- ROA
- Synthetic testosterone analog
- Male reproductive development and function, fertility and libido, increased muscle mass and strength
- For hypogonadism, hormone replacement therapy in older men, after castration
- Hair loss, acne, prostate enlargement, blocked spermatogenesis
- Oral or IM injection
Nandrolone
- MOA
- Effect
- Indication
- SE
- ROA
- Synthetic testosterone analog
- Increase muscle size & strength, promote erythropoiesis
- For trauma, surgery, burn injury, doping, anemia
- Increased liver enzymes, hepatocellular carcinoma, risk of coronary disease
- Parenteral
What are 2 examples of anti-androgens?
- Bicalutamide
- Finasteride
Bicalutamide
- MOA
- Effect
- Indication
- SE
- ROA
- Androgen receptor inhibitor
- Decreased testosterone
- For prostate cancer
- Gonadal atrophy, gynecomastia, impotence, infertility
- Oral
What is a 5alpha reductase inhibitor?
Finasteride
Finasteride
- MOA
- Effect
- Indication
- SE
- ROA
- 5 alpha reductase inhibitor
- No conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone
- For BPH
- Less likely to cause impotence, infertility etc
- Oral
(Finastere : think of the fam, there’s 5 of us)
What is a GnRH agonist and antagonist?
Agonist : Goserelin
Antagonist : Degarelix
(Agonist : GO, Antagonist : DEGAge)
Goserelin
- MOA
- Indication
- SE
- ROA
- Synthetic peptide with GnRH agonist activity
- Pulsatile : induction of ovulation, LH responsiveness / Continuous : controlled ovarian stimulation, endometriosis, tumor
- Injection site reaction, vaginal dryness / breast atrophy, edema, anemia
- Parenteral
