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Pathology B > B/14 > Flashcards

B/14 Flashcards

1
Q

RNA virus

A

HTLV1 (human t lymphotrophic virus 1)

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2
Q

DNA viruses

A
  • HPV
  • EBV
  • HBV
  • HCV
  • HHV8
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3
Q

Ways of developing viral oncogenesis (3)

A
  1. integration into DNA
  2. Episomal
  3. Infection - cell death
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4
Q

Ways of viruses to cause oncogenesis by integrating into DNA (2)

A
  • acting as oncogene

- regulating host genes : inactivation of tumor suppressor genes

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5
Q

How do viruses cause oncogenesis by episomal transformation? (2)

A
  • either activate oncogene in the host DNA

- or inactivate tumor suppressor gene in host DNA

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6
Q

How do viruses cause oncogenesis by infection? (2)

A
  • produces ROS which are genotoxic

- elimination by immune system causes increased regeneration of cells an can activate oncogene

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7
Q

how do EBV, HBV cause oncogenesis?

A

by integration to host DNA

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8
Q

Diseases caused by EBV? (3)

A
  • mononucleosis
  • burkitt lymphoma
  • nasopharyngeal carcinoma
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9
Q

What are the 2 oncogenic sequences of EBV?

A
  • LMP1 (oncogene)

- EBVA2 (transactivation)

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10
Q

What is the effect of EBV on the cell?

A

causes the cell to proliferate so much that mistakes happen like t(8;14)

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11
Q

What are the low risk types of HPV?

A

1, 2, 4, 7

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12
Q

What do the low risk types of HPV cause?

A

papilloma

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13
Q

What are the high risk types of HPV?

A

16, 18, 31

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14
Q

What do the high risk types of HPV cause?

A
  • cervix carcinoma

- oropharyngeal carconoma

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15
Q

What are the oncogenic sequences in HPV?

A

E7, E6

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16
Q

What type of carcinoma is caused by HBV?

A

hepatocellular carnicoma

17
Q

Ways HBC causes carcinogenesis? (4)

A
  • initiate inflammatory reaction
  • cause microdeletions
  • increase cell proliferation
  • HBX gene inactivates p53
18
Q

Which bacteria can cause oncogenesis?

A

helicobacter pylori

19
Q

Which neoplasms does helicobacter pylori cause?

A
  • mucosal gastric cancer

- MALT lymphoma

20
Q

How does helicobacter pylori cause gastric cancer?

A

chronic inflammation triggers mucous membrane atrophy, which causes dysplasia and cancer

21
Q

How does helicobacter pylori cause MALT lymphoma?

A

chronic inflammation triggers t cell response and b cell proliferation

Pathology B (17 decks)

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