B/03

Question 1

Example of benign neoplasm with a rapid growth rate

Answer 1

leimyoma in the uterus

Question 2

Approximate growth characteristic?

Answer 2

1 tumor of 10 microm will generate a 1mg tumor in about 30 cell cycles

Question 3

How many cycles are required to produce a 1kg tumor?

Answer 3

40 cycles

Question 4

Detectable tumor size

Answer 4

1mg

Question 5

What are the 2 theories for tumor growth?

Answer 5

• Monoclonal theory of neoplasms

- Cancer stem cell hypothesis

Question 6

What is the monoclonal theory of neoplasms?

Answer 6

1 cell has a genetic “hit” and becomes neoplastic, and all other cells are daughter cells of this one cell

Question 7

What is the cancer stem cell hypothesis?

Answer 7

That neoplastic cells have stem cell characteristics and form 2 daughter cells : one with self renewal and one with differenciation

Question 8

Phases of growth

Answer 8

• proliferative phase

- non-proliferative phase

Question 9

Which phase is targetted by chemotherapeutic agents?

Answer 9

The proliferative phase - doesn’t target G0

Question 10

How to determine tumor growth?

Answer 10

= doubling time (proliferation rate) + rate of dying

Question 11

What does rate of growth depend on? (6)

Answer 11

• rate of cell production
• growth fraction
• rate of shedding of cells
• differenciation
• blood supply
• pressure

Question 12

Examples of high proliferative cancers (3)

Answer 12

• Acute leukemias
• High grade lymphomas
• SCLC

Question 13

Examples of low proliferative cancers (2)

Answer 13

• colon cancer

- breast cancer