axial skeleton (4)

Question 1

the axial has a total of ______ bones (give a number)

Answer 1

80 bones in the axial skeleton

Question 2

what are the 3 categories of the axial skeleton? How many bones in each?

Answer 2

skull and associated bones (29 bones)

thoracic cage (25 bones)

vertrebal column (26 bones)

Question 3

how many bones are in the skull and associated category ?

Answer 3

29 bones

skull (22 bones)
cranium (8)
face (14)

associated (7 bones)
auditory ossicles (6)
hyoid (1)

Question 4

how many bones are in the thoracic cage?

Answer 4

25 bones

sternum (1)

ribs (24)

Question 5

how many bones are in the vertebral column?

Answer 5

26 bones

vertebrae (24)

sacrum (1)

coccyx (1)

Question 6

what are the functions of the axial skeleton?

Answer 6

supports and protects body and its organs

serves as an attachment point for muscles
(helps position axial skeleton, posture, movement)

Question 7

what is the acronym to remember the 14 bones in the face?

Answer 7

“virgil can not make my pet zebra laugh”

Vomer
nasal Conchae
Nasal bones
Mandible
Maxillae
Palatine bones
Zygomatic bones
Lacrimal bones

Question 8

what are the ____ (a number) bones in the face?

Answer 8

14 bones in the face

maxillae (2)

palatine bones (2)

nasal bones (2)

inferior nasal conchae (2)

zygomatic bones (2)

lacrimal bones (2)

vomer (1)

mandible (1)

Question 9

what does the maxillae make up? what articulates with it?

Answer 9

the upper jaw / anterior portion of roof of the mouth

the upper teeth articulate with the maxillae

Question 10

the palatine bones make up ____________

Answer 10

the hard palate (roof of the mouth mostly made out of palatine bones)

posterior portion of the head

Question 11

nasal bones are the _______

Answer 11

hard ridge of the nose that connects to the face

Question 12

nasal conchae is _______

Answer 12

inside the nasal cavity to make up the wall of the nasal cavity

Question 13

zygomatic bones make up the __________

Answer 13

anterior portion of the cheek bones

Question 14

lacrimal bones make up the ____________

Answer 14

medial portion of the ocular orbit (eye socket)

Question 15

the vomer sits _______ and articulates with _________. It is located deep within the ________. It protrudes past the zygomatic bone.

Answer 15

midsaggitally

articulates with the sphenoid and the ethmoid bones of the cranium. also maxillae and palatine bones.

deep within the skull

Question 16

the mandible is the _____

Answer 16

lower jaw

Question 17

the cranium has total of ___ bones. it is made up of these bones:

Answer 17

8 total bones

occipital bone (1)

parietal bones (2)

frontal bone (1)

temporal bones (2)

sphenoid (1)

ethmoid (1)

Question 18

what is the acronym to remember the cranial bones ?

Answer 18

“old people from tennessee eat spaghetti”

Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Temporal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid

Question 19

occipital bone sits ________ and slightly ______

Answer 19

posteriorly

slightly inferiorly

Question 20

the parietal bones sit at ____________

Answer 20

the top, back of the head

Question 21

the frontal bone is at the __________ region

Answer 21

forehead region

Question 22

the temporal bones are the _______ area. they sit more ________.

Answer 22

auditory

laterally

Question 23

the associated bones include the ______ and ______ bones. include name and number of bones in each.

Answer 23

hyoid (1)

auditory ossicles (6)

Question 24

the hyoid bone is deep within the ______________ region. It is sorta free-floating

Answer 24

deep within the neck region

Question 25

the hyoid bone articulates with......

Answer 25

trick question. the hyoid bone does not articulate with other bones. instead is has ligaments and muscles that attach.

Question 26

the auditory ossicles are enclosed in _____ bones. it is important for auditory processes.

Answer 26

temporal bones

Question 27

the 3 structures inside the auditory ossicles are _______________________. they help transmit sounds from ____________________.

Answer 27

malleus incus stapes they help transmit sounds from air to the fluid-filled labyrinth of the inner ear.

Question 28

the sagittal sutures sit between _________ bones

Answer 28

the left and right parietal bones

Question 29

the lambdoid suture sit superior to ____________ and are between that bone and _______ bones

Answer 29

occipital bone parietal bones

Question 30

the coronal suture sits posterior to the ___________ and separates ______ from _______

Answer 30

frontal bone separates parietal bones from frontal bone

Question 31

temporal bones have two processes called __________. What do these two processes serves as ?

Answer 31

mastoid process styloid process they serve as attachment points for muscles

Question 32

the occipital bone has these two prominent structures:

Answer 32

occipital condyle external occipital protuberance

Question 33

which bone(s) is most superior? which is most posterior?

Answer 33

front bone is most superior occipital bone is most posterior

Question 34

what joint do you classify the major sutures of the skull?

Answer 34

they are synarthrotic joints

Question 35

the spinal cord runs through here to meet the brain

Answer 35

foramen magnum

Question 36

zygomatic arch is ________. It also has the zygomatic process of the ________

Answer 36

cheek bones zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Question 37

sphenoid makes up the __________

Answer 37

posterior wall of the eye socket

Question 38

superior nasal conchae is found in the ________

Answer 38

lateral aspect of the nasal opening

Question 39

the bony nasal septum sits midsagittaly and it made up of _________________

Answer 39

perpendicular plate of hard palate/ethmoid bone

Question 40

the ethmoid bone inside the bondy nasal septum articulates with ________

Answer 40

vomer (which is inferiorly situated)

Question 41

squamous suture

Answer 41

between temporal and parietal bones

Question 42

external acoustic meatus is _______________

Answer 42

an opening for auditory canal

Question 43

the mastoid and styloid processes are ____________________________

Answer 43

important attachment points off temporal bone for muscles and tendons

Question 44

the ethmoid bone makes up the ______________

Answer 44

medial wall of the eye socket

Question 45

the brain sits in the __________ bone

Answer 45

occipital bone

Question 46

the frontal sinus is a hole in the ___________ (it is another sinus that we have)

Answer 46

anterior part of the skull

Question 47

the ethmoid bone has two parts called:

Answer 47

crista galli cribriform plate

Question 48

crista galli is in the _________ bone and it is ________

Answer 48

ethmoid bone above the cribriform plate

Question 49

the cribriform plate is a part with _______ that articulates with the _____________

Answer 49

holes articulates with the ethmoidal part of the frontal bone

Question 50

the foramen lacreum is a hole for ______________ to pass through. it is created by the juncture of ________________________

Answer 50

carotid artery created by the junctions of the temporal bone, occipital bone, and sphenoid bones

Question 51

the sphenoid bone has a structure that is saddle-shaped. what is that structure?

Answer 51

Sella Turcica

Question 52

the sella turcica is in the ________ bone and serves as a saddle shaped depression in that bone. This is where the _________ gland sits.

Answer 52

sphenoid bone pituitary gland

Question 53

the foramen ovale has _______ passing through here

Answer 53

nerves

Question 54

the foramen spinosum is a smaller hole, inferior to the __________ that has ______ running through here. It is a neurosurgical landmark.

Answer 54

foramen ovale blood vessels and nerves

Question 55

the ethmoid bone is a _________ bone that has thin cavities called ________ to create one of our sinuses.

Answer 55

pneumatized ethmoidal cells

Question 56

the inferior nasal conchae is attached to the ________-

Answer 56

wall of the nasal cavity and is on each side of the nasal septum

Question 57

the zygomatic fascial foramen is a little opening for ___________

Answer 57

vessels and nerves

Question 58

the lacrimal groove leads to the ____________

Answer 58

nasolacrimal canal

Question 59

the mandible articulates with the ______ at the _______ joint

Answer 59

temporal bone sliding hinge joint

Question 60

to allow the mandible to protract/retract, it uses the __________ joint

Answer 60

temporomandibular joint (tmj)

Question 61

the tmj in the mandible has the sliding hinge joint to allow for _________

Answer 61

depression/elevation (chewing)

Question 62

how many tmj's do we have? 1? 2? 3? etc. what makes the tmj unique compared to other joints?

Answer 62

two tmj's on either side on the mandible. it is very unique because one tmj will not open by itself.

Question 62

what body part/structure helps the tmj move/dictate the tmj's movement?

Answer 62

the teeth it affects the bite and relationship between the maxillae and the jaw.

Question 63

what do orbits do in ocular orbits?

Answer 63

protect the eyes

Question 64

where are ocular orbits found?

Answer 64

front bone (roof of the orbit) maxillae bone (floor of the orbit) lacrimal and ethmoid (medial wall of orbit) sphenoid (posterior wall of orbit) zygomatic bone (lateral wall of orbit)

Question 65

What does the front bone form for the ocular orbit?

Answer 65

the roof of the orbit

Question 66

what does the maxillae bone form for the ocular orbit?

Answer 66

the floor of the orbit

Question 67

what does the lacrimal and ethmoid bone form for the ocular orbit?

Answer 67

the medial wall of the orbit

Question 68

what does the sphenoid bone form in the ocular orbit?

Answer 68

the posterior wall of the orbit

Question 69

what does the zygomatic bone form in the ocular orbit?

Answer 69

the lateral wall of the orbit

Question 70

what (apart from bones) other structures are the ocular orbits found in?

Answer 70

lacrimal glands (produces tear) adipose tissue (fatty tissue) muscles that move the eye blood vessels/nerves

Question 71

the lacrimal glands produce _________ because they ________ to keep _________.

Answer 71

produce tears wash over the eyes keep eyes moist and flush things away

Question 72

the tears in the lacrimal glands drain into the ______________, which joins with the ____________.

Answer 72

nasal lacrimal canal nasal passage

Question 73

most anteriorly in the nasal complex:

Answer 73

nostrils soft tissues posterior nasal apertures nasal septum (vomer + ethmoid) lateral walls made up of nasal concahe

Question 74

the nasal conchae has a _____________ textured structure

Answer 74

curved, shelly textured structures

Question 75

how is the nasal conchae formed? why does it have that curved, shelly textured structure?

Answer 75

formed that way because as air is inhaled, it moves through the nasal conchae to create a turbinate flow.

Question 76

what is turbinate flow?

Answer 76

it is a process in which the nasal conchae does in order to warm the air before it enters the body

Question 77

types of paranasal sinuses:

Answer 77

ethmoidal air cell sinus frontal sinus sphenoidal sinus maxillary sinus

Question 78

what type of sinus is frontal sinus? and where is the frontal sinus located?

Answer 78

frontal sinus is a paranasal sinus the frontal sinus is a hole anterior to the nasal bone in the frontal lobe. they fan out above+medial aspect of the eyebrows

Question 79

what type of sinus is the sphenoidal sinus? and where is the sphenoidal sinus located?

Answer 79

sphenoidal sinus is a paranasal sinus the sphenoidal sinus is a hole posterior to the eyes in the sphenoid. It is behind the ocular orbit. they are deep and posterior in the nasal aperture area and nasal structures

Question 80

what complex/system is the hard palate apart of? and what are the two parts that make up the hard palate?

Answer 80

hard palate is in the nasal complex the hard palate is made up of: anterior bony palate : maxillae posterior of hard palate: horizontal/transverse plate of palatine bone

Question 81

what are paranasal sinuses?

Answer 81

they are air-filled chambers that open into nasal cavity

Question 82

what do paranasal sinuses produce and how do they do it? what does their product do?

Answer 82

paranasal sinuses have tiny glands that produce mucus this mucus will drain into the nasal cavity to keep the air that is inhaled through nasal conchae moist

Question 83

what type of sinus are the ethmoidal air cells and where are they located?

Answer 83

ethmoidal air cells are a type of paranasal sinus they are deep to the nasal bones and ethmoid bonew

Question 84

what type of sinus is the maxillary sinus and where is it located?

Answer 84

the maxillary sinus is a paranasal sinus they are lateral to the nasal structures

Question 85

what is a hyoid bone?

Answer 85

free-floating, no direct articulation, extremely mobile bone

Question 86

there are two components that make up the hyoid bone called ________________. what do these two components do?

Answer 86

consist of Greater and Lesser horns they are a muscle and ligament attachment site

Question 87

what is the hyoid bone suspended by?

Answer 87

styhyloid ligaments

Question 88

what will the hyoid bone attach to?

Answer 88

tongue larynx thyroid cartilage