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AvMed > AvMed Day 4 > Flashcards

AvMed Day 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What’s are the possible causes of breathing problems?

A

-Choking
-Asthma
-Hyperventilation
-Allergic Reaction
-Pulmonary Embolism
-Collapsed lung

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2
Q

What happens to the epiglottis when someone is choking?

A

It goes down and blocks the airway

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3
Q

What should you encourage people to do when they are choking?

A

Cough

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4
Q

What’s the signs and symptoms of someone choking?

A

-They can’t breathe or speak
-Cyanosis of the lips or skin

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5
Q

What happens at 4minutes when you chock?

A

You turn blue

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6
Q

What happens at 6 minutes when you choke?

A

Unconsciousness

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7
Q

What happens at 8 minutes when you choke?

A

Brain damage likely

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8
Q

What happens at 10 minutes when you choke?

A

Brain death expected

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9
Q

What should you do if you witness an adult chocking

A

-Go over and ask are you choking?
-If so with the heal of you hand give them 5 back blows
-If item not dislodged do 5 abdominal thrusts
-Repeat until item is dislodged

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10
Q

What should you do if you witness a child choking?

A

-Ask if they are choking
-Bend over your knee and give 5 back blows
-If the doesn’t work do 5 abdominal thrusts
-Repeat until item is dislodged

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11
Q

What should do if you witness an infant choking?

A

-Put them over your arm and hold neck/head for 5 back blows
-If that doesn’t work turn infant around onto their back ensuring their head is lower than their feet and push two fingers down into the sternum
-Repeat until item is dislodged

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12
Q

What’s the aftercare of a casualty who has been choking?

A

-Sit casualty down
-Administer PO and call MedLink
-Reassure
-Fill out an IIOR

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13
Q

If someone has asthma but doesn’t have their own pump available, what should you do?

A

Get the one and a spacer from the EMK located in the black module

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14
Q

Can you leave the asthma pump and spacer with the casualty after they’ve used it?

A

They cannot keep the asthma pump but can keep the spacer

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15
Q

Once casualty is done with the spacer, what do you do with it?

A

Put it in a bio hazard bag

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16
Q

What are the possible signs and symptoms for Asthma?

A

-Difficulty breathing, especially breathing out (I.E. coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath)
-Abnormal breathing and pulse rates
-Speaking with difficulty
-Blueness of skin, lips and finger nails (cyanosis)
-Anxiety and distress
-Tightness in the chest
-May become unconscious and stop breathing normally

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17
Q

How would you treat asthma?

A

-Sit casualty down with elbows on the tray table or determine their own best position
-Administer PO and call MedLink
-Encourage slow deep breathing
-Loosen tight clothing and open air vents
-Ask casualty if they have their own medication and assist if necessary
-If no improvement or own medication contact OMB
-Monitor AVPU every 10 mins
-Fill out IIOR
-Monitor the casualty
-Keep them calm and reassure them

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18
Q

What’s an Anaphylaxis reaction?

A

A severe, potentially life threatening reaction that can develop quickly and affect the whole body

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19
Q

What’s the songs and signs and symptoms of an anaphylaxis reaction?

A

-Feeling light headed or faint
-Difficulty in breathing or swallowing- tightness in chest, wheezing or gasping
-Swelling of throat, lips, lounge or around the eyes
-Puffiness around the eyes
-Pale or flushed skin
-Widespread rash anywhere on the body (hives)
-Abnormal breathing and pulse rates
-Anxiety (feeling of impending doom)

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20
Q

If someone is having an anaphylaxis reaction do you need get MedLinks permission for treatment?

A

No

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21
Q

What’s the treatment for anaphylaxis?

A

-Maintain airway using head tilt, chin lift either in seat or laying them down and raising legs if signs of shock are evident
-Admister PO and call MedLink
-Loose any tight clothing and remove any jewellery
-Ask if they have their own AAI or equivalent
-If not contact OBM who is trained to administer on board AAI (unconscious deems as consent)
-Monitor AVPU, breathing and pulse rates every 10 mins
-Fill out IIOR

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22
Q

What’s hyperventilation?

A

A decrease in CO2 and an increase in O2

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23
Q

What’s the possible signs and symptoms for hyperventilation?

A

-Anxiety
-Fast breathing
-Breathlessness
-Dizziness
-Flushed skin
-Light headedness
-Abnormal sensations (due to chemical imbalance) such as pins and needles in the hands and feet. The hands and feet may spasm

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24
Q

What’s the treatment for hyperventilation?

A

-Reassure and calmly explain what is happening to the casualty
-Try to improve the environment e.g. loosen tight clothing, open air vents
-Monitor the casualty for the rest of the flight

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25
Q

How long can it take for hyperventilation symptoms to reverse?

A

5-10 mins

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26
Q

Why is it sometimes hard to determine whether someone is hypoxic or hyperventilating?

A

Because the symptoms may be similar to

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27
Q

If in doubt of whether someone is hypoxia or hyperventilating, what should you do?

A

Give them a PO

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28
Q

If you give a PO to someone who is hyperventilating what happens and what should you do?

A

They may faint. If this happens remove the PO, place them in the recovery position and monitor their airway and breathing until recovered

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29
Q

What’s the symptoms of communicable respiratory disease?

A

-A temperature of 38 degrees or above
-Appearing obviously unwell
-Persistent coughing
-Impaired vision
-Persistent diarrhoea
-Persistent vomiting
-Change in taste or smell
-Skin rash
-Bruising or bleeding without injury
-Confusion or recent onset
-Contact with a person known to be suffering from a communicable disease

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30
Q

What’s the treatment for Communicable Respiratory Disease?

A

-Contact MedLink who will advise customer conditions meets the criteria for a suspected communicable disease
-Inform Capt/APIC of nature of the event and MedLinks guidance including PORT health notification
-Capt/APIC will notify ATC and OCC of event and escalate to PORT Health
-PORT health will assess and advise of response required for event
-OCC will liaise with VAA team at destination to ensure response is managed alongside local authorities
-Follow treatment/Isolation directions from MedLink and ensure relevant OR(s) completed

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31
Q

Will MedLink contact PORT health on your behalf?

A

No

32
Q

What are the types of wounds?

A

-Arterial Bleed
-Venous Bleed
-Capillary Bleed

33
Q

Arterial bleed

A

Spurt

34
Q

Venous bleed

A

Gush

35
Q

Capillary bleed

A

Ooze

36
Q

Wya the aims of treatment for wounds and bleeding?

A

-To control the bleeding
-To minimise the risk of infection to yourself and the casualty
-To reduce risk of shock (if severe bleeding)

37
Q

What’s the treatment for minor external bleeding?

A

-Wash hands and wear gloves
-Remove jewellery and/or clothing of affected area
-If wound is dirty rinse under running water (anti septic is not necessary)
-Ask casualty to apply direct pressure over the wound
-If wound is small apply a plaster. Larger wounds apply a dressing appropriate to the size
-Fill out IIOR

38
Q

What colour plasters are used for crew?

A

Blue

39
Q

What colour plasters are used for passengers?

A

Pink

40
Q

What should you check for every 10 mins for minor external bleeding?

A

Check for colour, warmth and sensation in fingers

41
Q

If the casualty’s wound bleeds through the first bandage, what should you do?

A

Apply a second one and if it still bleeds through, start again.

42
Q

When would you use indirect pressure?

A

When there’s an object in the wound. I.E. a pen

43
Q

When would you use direct pressure?

A

When there’s just a normal open cut/wound

44
Q

What’s a Tourniquet used for?

A

To stop blood flow to a limb if amputated

45
Q

How far above the wound should you place the tourniquet?

A

5cm

46
Q

What should you write on the casualty’s forehead and why?

A

A T and the time the tourniquet was put on as it is helpful for emergency services

47
Q

What should you do with the amputated limb?

A

On ice, in a bag as the limb can’t directly be put on ice so needs to be wrapped in something. Then also write down the time it was amputated.

48
Q

If there’s an object in a wound, would you remove it?

A

No

49
Q

How would you treat a nose bleed?

A

-Pinch the soft tissue of the nose
-Get a cold compress
-Add another cold compress
-Repeat every 10mins until the 30 minutes mark

50
Q

Possible signs and symptoms for foreign object in the eye?

A

-Pain in movement of eye
-Blurred vision
-Loss of visual sharpness
-Sensitivity to light

51
Q

What’s does RICE stand for?

A

R- Rest
I- Ice
C- Compress/Comfortable support
E- Elevate

52
Q

Possible songs and symptoms of fractures?

A

-Pain or discoloured skin around the bone or joint
-Deformity- the limb or part of the body bent at an unusual angle
-A grinding or grating sensation or sound in the bone or joint
-Signs of shock

53
Q

What fractures are you more likely to see signs of shock?

A

-Thigh, pelvis or multiple fractures

54
Q

What’s the aims of treatment for a fracture?

A

-Immobilise fracture to reduce pain and further injury
-Treat for shock, control bleeding if present

55
Q

What are classed as life threatening fractures?

A

-Skull fractures
-More than 3 fractured ribs

56
Q

What may a skull fracture lead to?

A

Unconsciousness and the casualty may stop breathing, which could result in a cardiac arrest

57
Q

Why is more than 3 broken ribs classed as a life threatening fracture?

A

Because the force required to break these will cause some under lying lung bruising which can lead to hypoxia

58
Q

If there’s an hissing sounds from an open wound, would you cover it?

A

No because there is air flowing through it. Only cover if it’s bleeding

59
Q

What’s the risk with pelvic, hip and thigh fractures?

A

They can cause shock to develop quickly

60
Q

How would you treated a suspected spine injury?

A

-Put hand around next to support making sure you don’t cover the ears
-Get a PO
-Notify AvMed

61
Q

What’s more important, an injury or ensuring an airway is clear?

A

Ensuring an airway is clear

62
Q

If someone has sustained an injury and is unconscious, how would you treat them?

A

-Do head tilt, chin lift carefully
-To put into recovery position do a “log roll”
-Follow normal AVPU and pulse and breathing checks every 10 mins

63
Q

What types of burns can you get?

A

-Scalds
-Cold burns
-Dry burns
-Chemical burns
-Electrical burns
-Radiation

64
Q

Is on board treatment the same for all burns?

A

Yes

65
Q

How would you measure area of the body that is burnt?

A

Use you hand. 1 hand = 1%

66
Q

What’s the treatment for burns?

A

-Remove source of injury
-Remove jewellery and clothing from affected area before swelling occurs
-Cool the injured area under cold running water for at least 20 mins
-Wash hands. Wearing gloves cover burn/scald with BD. Secure dressing with loose sterile bandages
-Offer appropriate pain relief
-Encourage frequent sips of water

67
Q

What’s extra considerations when treating burns?

A

-If clothes are stuck to the burn, don’t remove them
-Administer a PO and call MedLink
-Be prepared to treat to shock
-Electrical burns
-Chemical burns

68
Q

Where are the locations of burn dressings?

A

-Burn pouches in galleys
-FAK
-GFAK

69
Q

How should you treat a chemical burn?

A

Rinse under cold running water until MedLink advises otherwise

70
Q

What makes something classed as a major incident?

A

When there’s more casualty’s than medically trained staff

71
Q

What’s the 5 point access plan?

A
  1. Assess the situation
  2. Make the area safe
  3. Assess all casualties using triage
    4.Get help
  4. Deal with aftermath
72
Q

Group A?

A

Quiet and still

73
Q

Group B?

A

Major injuries- severe bleeding, burns

74
Q

Group C?

A

Minor injuries- Walking wounded

75
Q

Group D?

A

Deceased- Obviously deceased/cardiac arrest

AvMed (8 decks)

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