Avmed Day 2

Question 1

What’s cerebral fluid?

Answer 1

Protects the brain as skull is a hard shock absorber

Question 2

What percentage of the brain is water?

Answer 2

75%

Question 3

What does the brain need to fully work?

Answer 3

Blood, Oxygen, sugar (glucose)

Question 4

What are the levels of consciousness?

Answer 4

AVPU

-Alert
-Verbal
-Pain
-Unresponsive

Question 5

What does it mean if the passenger is Alert?

Answer 5

Awake and fully responsive

Question 6

What does it mean if a passenger is Verbal?

Answer 6

They respond to your voice

Question 7

What does it mean if the passenger is classed as pain?

Answer 7

They respond to pain

Question 8

What does it mean if the passenger is unresponsive?

Answer 8

They do not respond at all

Question 9

When should you put the casualty in the recovery position?

Answer 9

Nothing below A in AVPU

Question 10

What are the early signs of hypoxia?

Answer 10

-Agitated behaviour or combative to treatment
-Confusion, dowsiness
-Slurred speech, impaired vision
-Abnormal breathing and pulse rates (normally fast)
-Euphoria
-Greying or pale skin
-Cyanosis

Question 11

What are the late signs of hypoxia?

Answer 11

Central Cyanosis of the skin (neck and chest)

Question 12

What’s Cyanosis?

Answer 12

A blush tinge to the extremities

Question 13

What’s the aim of treatment for hypoxia?

Answer 13

To restore sufficient supply of oxygen to the brain

Question 14

How quickly can you reverse the effects of hypoxia when you provide oxygen?

Answer 14

Within 15 seconds

Question 15

How do you ensure oxygen is flowing on a PO?

Answer 15

Pinch the resevoir bag

Question 16

What’s the definition of a head injury?

Answer 16

Any traumatic damage to the head resulting from blunt or penetrating trauma of the skull

Question 17

If the membrane breaks holding cerebral fluid due to head injury, where will it leak out from?

Answer 17

The orifices such as the nose, mouth and ears

Question 18

What’s the possible signs and symptoms of a head injury?

Answer 18

-head wound or bruise
-dizziness or nausea
-straw coloured watery blood
-soft boggy area or depression of the scalp
-deterioration in level of response
-lack of symmetry of the head or face
-bruising around the eyes

Question 19

What should you do in most medical situations?

Answer 19

Loosen clothing, open air vents and monitor pulse and breathe rate every 10 mins

Question 20

What is a stroke caused by?

Answer 20

A blood clot or bleed in the brain

Question 21

Whats the acronym that you follow when treating a stroke?

Answer 21

FAST

-Face
-Arms
-Speach
-Time

Question 22

Face

Answer 22

Drooping, asking them to smile

Question 23

Arms

Answer 23

Ask them to raise their arms or hold them in place

Question 24

Speach

Answer 24

Is their speech clear or slurred

Question 25

Time

Answer 25

Certain window of time to get medication to resolve clot

Question 26

How would you treat a stroke?

Answer 26

-Lie them down with head and shoulders raised -Support any weakness with blankets or pillows -Administer a PO -Loosen tight clothing and open air vents -Record heart rate and pulse every 10 mins

Question 27

What is meant by Hypoglcaemia?

Answer 27

-Low blood sugar -Rapid onset -Life threatening

Question 28

What’s meant by Hyperglycaemia?

Answer 28

-High blood sugar -Life threatening -Slow onset

Question 29

Signs and symptoms of Hypocaemia?

Answer 29

-Weakness, faintness, dizziness or hunger -Pale,Cold, Clammy skin -Abnormal pulse -strange behaviour -Deteriorating level of response -Seizures

Question 30

Possible signs and symptoms of Hyperglycaemia?

Answer 30

-Excessive thirst and hunger -Abnormal pulse (usually fast and strong) -Drowsy -Nausea and vomiting

Question 31

Aims of treatment for Hypo?

Answer 31

To increase sugar content of the blood as quickly as possible

Question 32

Aims of treatment for hyper?

Answer 32

-Give a sugary drink to rule out hypo -If not change in condition contact MedLink, PA for a MQV and keep nil by mouth

Question 33

Possible causes of Seizures/Fits/Convulsions

Answer 33

-Head injury -Epilepsy -Drug over dose -Brain tumours -Hypo -High temp in young children/infants

Question 34

Signs of a seizure?

Answer 34

-Rigid, jaw clenched -Salivia at mouth (may be blood stained) -Noisy breathing and could lead to cyanosis around face or lips -Convulsive movement, eyes roll back

Question 35

Treatment for a seizure?

Answer 35

-Try and ease casualty’s fall -Never move or restrain passenger -Never place anything in their mouth -Time the seizure

Question 36

If the passenger is unconscious and seizure last longer than 5 mins, what should you do?

Answer 36

-DRAB -TTTS -Administer a PO and call medlink -monitor and check pulse and breathe rate every 10 mins

Question 37

Possible signs and symptoms for a Febrile Seizure?

Answer 37

-Fever (temp above 38°C) -Flushed skin -Sweating -There may be a rash

Question 38

What’s the aims of treatment for a Febrile Seizure?

Answer 38

-Protect child from injury -Cool the child -Reassure the parents

Question 39

What other treatment should you do for a Febrile Seizure?

Answer 39

-Remove clothes to cool -Offer liquid paracetamol -If shivering occurs provide cotton sheet (if available -Administer a PO -Consider calling MedLink -Advise parents to seek further medical advice at destination

Question 40

What does DRAB stand for?

Answer 40

-Danger -Response -Airway -Breathing

Question 41

Danger

Answer 41

Assess safety

Question 42

Response

Answer 42

Shake and shout “are you alright/okay?”

Question 43

Airway

Answer 43

Head tilt, chin lift

Question 44

Breathing

Answer 44

Look listen and feel for normal breathing for 10 seconds

Question 45

Where are the PRMS located?

Answer 45

-Crew bags -FAK -AED

Question 46

Where do you turn the bump for a pregnant woman when putting into a recovery position?

Answer 46

Bump to left