Avionics Flashcards
Describe Modular Avionics Units
(MAUs).
They’re the main computers and
processors that control most avionics
related applications on aircraft.
Ref: Gulfstream Symmetry 2B-01-10
Which display units (DUs) are
referred to as Multifunction Displays
(MFDs)?
DU #2 and #3
What part display is cursor restricted
from entering?
ADI; otherwise, it can move anywhere in
a display window on its associated DUs
What happens if both cursors are
selected to the same DU?
Last active cursor has exclusive control in
making selections within the display in
which both cursors reside.
What’s the purpose of Guidance
Panel?
It provides most of controls for operation
of Automatic Flight Control System
(AFCS).
What does an amber MAG2 indicate
on both PFD’s?
It alerts the crew that both pilots are using
same source for heading information: in
this case, IRS #2.
What does an amber RA2 indicate on
both PFD’s?
It alerts the crew that both pilots’ flight
instruments are receiving radio altimeter
data from same source.
What’s the purpose of 121.5 EMER
guarded physical switch located on
side wall above oxygen mask?
Enables selection of emergency frequency
for total TSC failure.
What happens with selection of Call
Inhibit?
Prevents GCMS related messages from
displaying on CAS display
What’s the normal location of primary
engine instruments?
DU2 upper
What’s the normal location of CAS
display?
DU3 upper
What’s the restriction on selection of
full windows on DU2 and DU3?
Cannot be selected on both DU2 and DU3
at the same time
What functions are available with
Phase-Of-Flight (POF) presets?
They can be selected, stored, and reset
What’s the source of HUD symbols?
HUD computer
What’s the source of the EVS image?
EVS camera, unlike the HUD, uses
infrared technology and is optimized to
detect runway lighting.
How should cloth cover be removed
from combiner?
Rockwell Collins recommends removing
cloth cover after moving combiner to
operating position. In like fashion, they
recommend reattaching cloth cover before
moving combiner to stow position.
How would you know you haven’t
placed combiner in correct operating
position?
“ALIGN HUD” message appears on
combiner display. If this occurs, carefully
reposition combiner glass and allow it to
snap into detents. Don’t use HUD if
“ALIGN HUD” message continues to be
displayed.
Why does combiner have a breakaway
position?
It’s a safety feature that allows combiner
glass to rotate toward windscreen with
head impact and lock in place during
sudden aircraft deceleration. This
minimizes head injury.
What do top “T” and bottom inverted
“T” represent on combiner during
HUD Press and Hold test?
Upper and lower limit of data displayed
on HUD
What’s the primary symbol used to
control aircraft with the HUD?
Flight Path Vector (FPV)
What does Aircraft Reference symbol
(or Boresight symbol) represent on
HUD?
Projected centerline of aircraft (boresight)
What’s the difference between HUD
uncaged and caged modes?
In UNCAGED mode, FPV is free to roam
horizontally and vertically. In CAGED
mode, FPV is free to move vertically;
however, it’s locked in horizontal center.
In CAGED mode, FPV indicates plane’s
heading and ghost FPV represents track.
In UNCAGED mode, boresight represents
heading and FPV represents track.
Ref: Gulfstream Symmetry 2B
HUD symbols are described as being
either conformal or non-conformal.
What’s the difference?
Conformal symbol has real-world
counterpart (e.g., the horizon line
represents the horizon degree for degree).
Altitude dial is considered non-conformal
since it doesn’t represent anything in real
world.
Why does horizon line flash on HUD
at nose high and nose low attitudes?
To indicate non-conformity
How do you know when EVS image
is available for display?
FLIR flashes in upper left portion of
combiner after cool down and then goes
steady. Cool down normally takes 10-15
minutes but can take longer if aircraft is
hot soaked.
What is NUC?
NUC stands for Non-Uniformity
Correction. It’s a calibration process that
results in cleaner picture and occurs
during camera power-up, flaps selected
from 0° to 10°, or manual NUC selected.
Describe the three (3) different levels
of EVS camera gain.
AUTO, H for high, and L for low. Select
AUTO if you want camera to
automatically adjust gain, H for low
visibility, and L for night VMC or day
with smog. Indications of your selection
appear on upper left portion of combiner:
EVS A for AUTO, EVS H for high, or
EVS L for low.
How is heat depicted on EVS image?
Hotter items from IR camera are depicted
as lighter while items with less heat are
depicted as darker
Describe some factors that affect EVS
performance.
M-Misalignment
B-Blooming
T-Thick clouds
T- Thermal Crossover
How can you increase chances of
seeing approach and runway lights
with EVS in low visibility?
Make sure lights are set to full bright prior
to commencing the approach and select
high gain
What are requirements for descending
below DA/DH or MDA with EVS?
You need EFVS lights to descend below
DA/DH or MDA and you need visual cues
without the aid of EFVS at 100 ft above
TDZE in order to continue and land unless
qualified under FAR 91.176 (a) to
continue and land with EFVS in lieu of
natural vision.
Flight director or autopilot with
vertical guidance is required for all
IMC EVS approaches. Straight-in
approaches to an MDA (using FMS
vertical path) or DA/DH are
authorized. How do you determine if
obstacle-free path is present?
Runway is served by an approach to
Decision Altitude (DA).
At what altitude does airport symbol
normally appear on HUD?
2000’ above airport
When does runway symbol replace
the airport symbol?
At 350 ft RA, runway symbol joins airport
symbol and at 325 ft RA, airport symbol
disappears. Runway symbol is removed
from display at 60 ft RA.
When does flare cue appear?
100 ft; it moves upward as aircraft
approaches the ground and provides flare
guidance
What is provided on HUD unusual
attitude display to prevent you from
over stressing the aircraft during
recovery?
G-load digital readout
What is RNP?
Required nav performance: accuracy in
NM required for navigation in the area the
aircraft is flying and affects CDI
sensitivity (i.e., lower RNP equates to
greater CDI sensitivity).
What is EPU?
Estimated position uncertainty: calculated
estimate of accuracy of navigation
equipment aboard aircraft. If EPU > RNP,
numbers are highlighted by cautionary
amber overlay and CDI needle turns
amber
What does magenta dashed line
extending from nose of aircraft to
compass arc represent on map
display?
IRS track vector
How do you know if a chart is geo-referenced?
A white or green icon appears in right
corner of chart’s title bar which enables
aircraft’s actual position (displayed as
green airplane symbol) to be displayed
What color messages can be scrolled
off the CAS display?
Amber, blue and white: red can only be
scrolled out of view to show other red
messages
What happens when a red or amber
CAS message becomes active?
Message displays in inverse video, aural
alert sounds (i.e., three chimes for red or
two for amber), and respective
annunciator on master warning panel
illuminates (i.e., red WARN for red or
amber CAUT for amber). When
annunciator/button is pushed on master
warning panel, annunciator extinguishes,
tone silences, and message displays
normally. If there are red messages
already on CAS display when new red
message becomes active, new message
displays at top of red message stack. If
there are amber messages already on CAS
display when new amber message
becomes active, new message displays at
top of amber message stack.
