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PPL 1 > Aviation Weather Services > Flashcards

Aviation Weather Services Flashcards

1
Q

Surface aviation weather observation

A

METARs, local
Gov and private facilities
Automated and by person
AWOS, ASOS

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2
Q

ARTCC

A

Air route traffic control center

Maintain separation between IFR planes with ARSR Air Route Surveillance Radar

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3
Q

Upper air observation

A

Radiosonde
PIREP
AMDAR Aircraft meteorological data relay
MDCRS Meteorological data collection and reporting system

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4
Q

Radar observations for weather

A

WSR-88D NEXRAD Doppler radar with clean air and precipitation mode
FAA terminal Doppler weather radar TDWR
FAA airport Surveillance radar
Airborne radar

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5
Q

Service outlets

A

FSS Flight service station
TIBS Telephone information briefing system
HIWAS Hazardous inflight weather advisory service
TIWEB Transcribed weather broadcast (Alaska)

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6
Q

Standard weather briefing

A
  1. Adverse conditions
  2. VFR not recommended
  3. Synopsis
  4. Current conditions
  5. En route forecast
  6. Destination forecast
  7. Forecast winds and temperatures aloft
  8. NOTAM
  9. ATC delays
  10. Other
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7
Q

Other briefings

A

Abbreviated - delayed

Outlook - 6+ hrs prior to departure

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8
Q

METAR

A
  1. Type METARS vs SPECI
  2. I’D by ICAO
  3. Date and time
  4. Modifier (auto, AO1, AO2, COR)
  5. Wind (VRB, G peak)
  6. Visibility, RVR
  7. Weather, qualifier (intensity + descriptor) and weather phenomena
  8. Sky condition
  9. Temp and dew point
  10. Altimeter
  11. Remarks
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9
Q

PIREP

A

If ceiling below 5000ft or visibility at or below 5 miles, ATC required to solicit PIREP
Identifier, US vs UUA-urgent, Time, FL, Type, sky, weather, temp, wind, turbulence, icing, remarks

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10
Q

TAF

A

5m radius around airport
Valid for 24 or 30 hrs
Type, ID, Date/time, valid period, wind, visibility, significant weather, sky conditions, change group (FM, TEMPO), PROB30

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11
Q

Area forecast FA

A

Header - location, date, time, valid, area
Precautionary statements - IFR, mountain obscurations, thunderstorms
Synopsis - location, movement of pressure systems, fronts, circulation
VFR clouds and weather

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12
Q

AIRMET

A

Inflight weather advisory, every 6hrs
Forecast icing, turbulence, winds 30+knts, visibility ceilings 1000-ft
Potentially hazardous to small aircraft

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13
Q

SIGMET

A

Potentially hazardous to all aircraft
Severe icing, turbulence, sandstorms, volcanic ash
Unscheduled, valid for 6hrs

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14
Q

Convective SIGMET

A

For hazardous convective weather
Severe thunderstorms winds 50+kts, hail, tornadoes
40 percent or more of 3000 sq-mile area
For each 48 states, at 55min past hr, valid for 2hrs

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15
Q

Winds and temperature aloft forecast FB

A

Twice a day with radiosonde upper air observation at 0000Z and 1200Z
Winds 99+kts up to 199, subtract 50 from directions, add 100 to speed

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16
Q

Surface analysis chart

A

Every 3hrs, 48 states

High and low pressure, fronts, temperatures, dew points, wind directions, speed, local weather, visual observations

17
Q

Weather depiction chart

A

Surface conditions from METAR and other sources, every 3hrs by computer
IFR, VFR, MVFR weather
Fronts, troughs, squall lines
Sky conditions: sky cover, ceiling height, weather, visibility obstructions

18
Q

Significant weather prognostic charts

A

Low level significant weather up to FL240
For VFR briefing, 48 states, 4x daily
2 panel, freezing levels, IFR, turbulence
12, 24, 36, 48 hr forecasts

19
Q

ATC radar weather displays

A

Precipitation intensity only with Weather and Radar Processor (WARP), up to 6min time delay
Light, moderate, heavy, extreme
If no WARP, then second system Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR) showing moderate and heavy/extreme
Can’t detect turbulence

20
Q

EFD NEXRAD

A

NEXRAD 159 weather surveillance Doppler radar stations
Up to 5min old data
Up to 2000mi range displayed
Abnormalities: ground clutter, strobes spurious radar data, sun strobes, buildings, mountains
Limitations: reflectivity, resolution

21
Q

Data Link Weather Products

A

Flight Information Service - Broadcast FIS-B provided through Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast ADS-B

22
Q

Pilot responsibility

A 
Product latency
Update cycle
System failure
Coverage areas
Content/format
Data integrity/limitations 
Use of display
Information overload

PPL 1 (15 decks)

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