autonomic nervous system

Question 1

interoreceptors

Answer 1

internal receptors that include

1) chemoreceptors
2) mechanoreceptors

Question 2

muscarinic are

Answer 2

present in plasma proteins of all effecters innervated by parasympathetic post ganglionic axons

Question 3

adrenergic receptors for

Answer 3

most sympathetic receptors

Question 4

The effects of sympathetic stimulation are

Answer 4

longer lasting and more widespread than the effects of parasympathetic stimulation

1) Sympathetic postganglionic acons diverge more extensively
2) Lack of stuff to get rid of norepinephrine

Question 5

transport protein

Answer 5

they make the lipid soluble hormones temporarily water soluble thus increasing their solubility in blood

They retard passage of small hormone molecules through the filtering mechanism in the kidneys, thus slowing the rate of hormone loss in urine

Question 6

Lipid soluble

Answer 6

diffuse from blood through the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane

2) receptors in cytosol/nucleus.

The activated receptor hormone complex alters gene expression, turing specific genes of nuclear DNA on and off causing mRNA to synthesize a new protein on the ribosomes

Question 7

Water soluble

Answer 7

integral transmembrane proteins in plasma membrane
hormone is first messenger
2nd messenger is cAMP

G protein, Adenylate cyclase turns ATP to cAMP in the cytosol, activates kinase, which phosphorylate a lot of shit

Question 8

Number of hormones hypothalamus and pituitary secretes

Answer 8

9 v 7

Question 9

Catecholamine

Answer 9

water soluble amines

Question 10

Most outer layer

Answer 10

Mineralocorticoids
Zona fasciculata secrete glucocorticoids
weak androgens

Question 11

Mineralocorticoids

Answer 11

regulates homeostasis of sodium ions and potassium ions

1) adjust blood pressure
2) adjust blood volume

help excrete H+ from urine to prevent acidosis

Question 12

Glucocorticoids

Answer 12

protein break down in muscle fibers, liberation of amino acids for synthesis of new protein

turns lactic acid and amino acid to glucose

Question 13

Lipolysis

Answer 13

break down of tryglyceride and release of fatty acids from adipose tissue to blood

Question 14

Resistance to stress

Answer 14

sensitiuve to hormone causing vasoconstriction

Question 15

Anti-inflammatory

Answer 15

retard tissue repair
slow healing,
useful for treatment of chronic inflammatory disorders

Depression of some immune responses

Glucocorticoids prescribed for organ transplant

Question 16

Control of secretion

Answer 16

CRH=>ACTH=>Adrenal cortex=> glucocorticoids

Question 17

ACH/norepinephrine

Answer 17

ACh ( sweat gland which is sympathetic) but also all the parasympathetic

Norepinephrine for sympathetic

Question 18

Hypothalamus for

Answer 18

1) behavioral patterns
2) circadian rhythms
3) eating/drinking behaviors
4) body temperature