Autonomic nervous system Flashcards
sympathetic NS actions
- increase HR and BP
- increase sweating
- Dilate eyes
- Decrease digestion
- increase glucose
- open lung airways
- increase muscle tone
- vaginal constriction
Parasympathetic NS actions
- decrease HR and BP
- Decrease sweating
- constrict eyes
- increase digestion
- normal glucose
- constricted airways
- normal muscle tone
autonomic nervous system
- visceral motor (invaluntary)
- conducts inpulses from the CNS to the cardiac muscles, smooth muscles and glands
- maintains homeostasis: by including body temperature and ergulating the activity of internal organs and vasculature
where is the parapsympathetic nerves located
Cranial nerves and sacral nerves
where is the sympathetic nerves located
thoracic and lumbar nerves; sympathetic ganglia
what part of the brain responds to a stressful event
the amygdala and the event is then registered by the hypothalamus
hypothalamus do
- activates the adrenal cortical system by releasing CRF (corticotropin releasing factor) which activates ACTH to release 30 hormones into the blood
- activates the sympathetic NS releases norepinephrine and epinepherine into blood stream and activate glands and muscles
the sympathetic trunk
connected through ganglion
effect is so strong because they are all connected
efferent sympathetic
from gray matter in the thoracic and lumbar SC
efferent parasympathetic
postganglionic fiber: does not use the sympathetic trunk
Cranial nerve 3 parasympathetic pathway
preganglionic to ciliary ganglion to eye
cranial nerve 7 parasympathetic pathway
- preganglionic fiber to pterygopalatine ganglion to lactrimal gland
- preganglionic fiber to submandibular ganglion to the salivary gland
Cranial nerve 9 parasympathetic pathway
- preganglionic fiber to otic ganglion to salivary glands
Vagus nerve
- 75% of parasympathetic outflow
- cardiac plexis
- inferior mesenteric plexus
- hypogastric plexis
Preganionic fibers in the sacral segments
carry sacral parasympathetic output to repro and urinary system
what does CN 3 go to
pupil
what does CN 7 go to
salivary
what does CN 9 go to
salivary
what does CN 10 go to
heart, lungs, stomach, liver and kidney
what does the pelvic splanchnic n go to
repro and bladder
what ganglia does CN 10 go to
intramural ganglia
what does pelvic nerves go to
intramural ganglia
where are autonomic pressure receptors found
in the aortic baroreceptors, carotid sinuses, and lungs
where are the autonomic stretch receptors respond to
- distention of the veins, bladder or intestines
what are chemoreceptors sensitive to
chemical concentrations in the blood that are located in the carotid and aortic bodies (respond to O2) and medulla that respond to Hydrogen and CO2
what does the baroreceptors send information about
- stretch in the arch of the aorta and carotid sinus
- gets sent to the medulla via the CN 9 and 10
- parasympathetic trunk
efferent to spinal cord - sympathetic trunk
accelerates HR
efferent parasympathetic direct to the SA node
slows HR
neurotransmitters in the sympathetic nervous system
- uses ACH and norepinephrine in CNS
- ACH and Nicotinic receptor in ganglion
- Norepinephrine at target tissue
neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic NS
- ACH in CNS
- ACH and nicotinic receptor in ganglion
- ACH at target cell
Anticholinergic
lowering ACH
Cholinergic
increase ACH
Diaphragmatic breathing
reduces cortisol and increase attention
Spinal core injury above T6
Autonomic dysreflexia
PD
dysaytonimia, GI system issure, temperature dysregulation, pupillary issues, blood pressure drops
POTS
- cardiac instability, fainting, postural hypotension and weakness
