Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
Most autonomic pathways consist of how many motor neurons
Two
The first neuron has its cell body in the? and from there it’s axon extends to a?
CNS ( as part of a cranial or spinal nerve )
Autonomic ganglion
The second cell body extends from the? And to the?
Autonomic ganglion
To the effector
Alternatively, in some autonomic pathways, the first motor neuron extends to the? Rather than the autonomic ganglion
Adrenal medullae
Review: all somatic motor neurons release only ….. as their neurotransmitters
Acetylcholine
What are the two neurotransmitters associated with the autonomic system
Acetylcholine or norepinephrine
The output ( motor) part of the ANS has what two main branches?
Sympathetic division
Parasympathetic division
Define dual innervation
Organs that receive impulses from both the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons
Overview: Somatic nervous system
Effectors: skeletal muscles
Type of control: mainly voluntary
Neural pathway: one motor neuron extends from the CNS and synapses directly with a skeletal muscle fiber
Neurotransmitter: acetylcholine
Action of neurotransmitter on effector: always excitatory
Overview: ANS
Effector: cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands
Type of control: mainly involuntary
Neural pathway: one motor neuron extends from the CNS and synapses with another motor neuron in a ganglion; the second motor neuron synapses with an autonomic effector
Action of neurotransmitter on effector: may be excitatory or inhibitory
First motor neuron of the ANS
Preganglionic neuron ( cell body is in the brain or spinal cord and exits the CNS as part of a cranial or spinal nerve and extends to the autonomic ganglion)
The second motor neuron of the ANS
Postganglionic neuron ( lies entirely outside the CNS, it’s cell body and dendrites are located in the autonomic ganglion; it’s axon terminates in an effector)
The sympathetic division of the AND is also called?
Thoracolumbar division
The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the 12 thoracic and first two or three lumbar segments of the
Spinal cord
Most postganglionic axons that emerge from the sympathetic trunk ganglia supply
Organs above the diaphragm
