Altered Mental Status Flashcards
Abrupt onset of coma could suggest?
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Brain stem stroke
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Unilateral absence of response despite application of stimuli to both sides of body may indicate
A corticospinal lesion
Bilateral absence of responsiveness suggests
Brain stem involvement
Bilateral pyramidal tract lesions
Psychogenic unresponsiveness
What posturing occur with lesions of the internal capsule and rostral cerebral peduncle
Decorticate posturing
Cerebral peduncles are two stalks that attach the ….. to the……
Cerebrum to the brain stem
Are structures at the front of the midbrain which arise from the ventral pons and contain the large ascending and descending tracts
Assist in refined motor movements, learning new motor skills….
Contain the corticospinal tract
What posture occur with dysfunction or destruction of the midbrain and rostral pons?
Decerebrate posture
Dilated pupils ( mydriasis) could suggest?
Brain stem compression
Drug overdose
Cocaine
Amohetamines
Constricted pupils ( miosis) could suggest
Drug overdose with opiates/opioids
Unilateral absent corneal reflex implies damage to the
Ipsilateral pons or trigeminal deficit
Bilateral loss can be seen with large
Pontine lesions or in deep pharmacologic coma
Which type of respiration ( in which episodes of deep breathing alternating with periods of apnea) may occur with bi-hemispheric or diencephalic disease or in metabolic disorders
Cheyne-stokes
Occurs with lesions of brain stem tegmentum
Central neurogenic hyperventilation
In which there are prominent end-inspiratory pauses)
Suggests damage at the pontine level
Apneustic breathing
A completely irregular pattern of breathing with deep and shallow breaths occurring randomly
Associated with lesions of the lower pontine tegmentum and medulla
A tactic breathing
