Autonomic - Muscarinic Antagonists

Question 1

How do muscarinic antagonists affect muscarinic receptors?

Answer 1

Reversibly block them (reversed motorcycles in parking spot)

Question 2

What effects do antimuscarinics block?

Answer 2

DUMBBELS: diarrheal, urination, miosis, brochospasm, bradycardia, lacrimation, salivation)

Question 3

Antimuscarinics block action of ______ at ____ receptors.

Answer 3

Acetylcholine, M

Question 4

What are natural antimuscarinics?

Answer 4

Jimson weed (Jimson weed tea) and and belladonna flower (flower that Alice is holding)

Question 5

What are physiologic effects do antimuscarinics cause?

Answer 5

Pupillary dilation (mydriasis) and cycloplegia (inability to accommodate lens for near vision). (large pupil through telescope)

Question 6

What drug is used to treat motion sickness? When should it be used?

Answer 6

Scopolamine and it should be used prior to feeling sick

Question 7

What type of drug is scopolamine?

Answer 7

Antimuscarinics

Question 8

How do antimuscarinics (scopolamine) treat motion sickness?

Answer 8

Cross the BBB to inhibit central M1 receptors (CNS hat on walrus wearing sea sailor outfit)

Question 9

How do antimuscarinics at the SA and AV nodes?

Answer 9

Block parasympathetic activation of M2 receptors at AV and SA nodes (heart with jewel nodes that queen is holding)

Question 10

How do antimuscarinics affect heart rate? What is it useful in treating because of this?

Answer 10

Increase heart rate. Used for treatment of bradycardia. (Elevated heart watch the rabbit was holding)

Question 11

What is a heart (AV) block?

Answer 11

Delays in impulse from atria to ventricle

Question 12

What type of drugs are ipratropium and tiotropium?

Answer 12

M3 muscarinic antagonists. They are inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilators

Question 13

What drugs are useful in management of COPD? How do they work to manage COPD?

Answer 13

Ipratropium and tiotropium. They antagonize M3 receptors which leads to bronchodilation and decreased secretions. (Blue bloated caterpillar that is puffing hookah)

Question 14

T/F: Ipratropium dissociates more slowly from the M3 receptor compared to tiotropium (longer bronchodilator action)

Answer 14

F: Tiotropium dissociates more slowly from the M3 receptor compared to ipratropium (caterpillar puffing out tioooo)

Question 15

What type of drug is oxybutinin? What is it used for?

Answer 15

M3 muscarinic antagonist. Relieves bladder spasm after urologic surgery (ox butler helping pour out water)

Question 16

What drugs are used to treat incontinence? How?

Answer 16

Oxybutinin and tolterodine. They antagonize M3 receptors which relaxes smooth muscle in ureters and bladder wall. (Ox butler and turtle butler helped pour our water)

Question 17

Where are M1 receptors found?

Answer 17

In the CNS (center over M1 parking spot)

Question 18

what drugs treat Parkinson’s?

Answer 18

Benzotropine and trihexyphenidyl treat the tremors and rigidity in Parkinson’s (block excess cholinergic activity).

(Benz car and Tri-Hex car parked in M1 parking spot under the Parking Center sign)

Question 19

Antimuscarinics treat __________ side effects caused by _________.

Answer 19

Extrapyramidal, antipsychotic (extra parking cone in M1 Parking spots)

Question 20

What are negative side effects so antimuscarinics have?

Answer 20

• hyperthermia (inhibit M3 receptors on sweat glands —> decrease sweating) (hot as a hare at end of table)
• Dry mouth and eyes (decrease salivation and lacrimation) (dry as a cracker)
• blurred vision (cause mydriasis and cycloplegia) (blind as a bat)
• sedation, agitation, hallucination, coma (cross BBB and antagonize central M1 receptors) (mad as a hatter)

Question 21

How do antimuscarinics treat acute angle glaucoma?

Answer 21

By causing mydriasis which deceased outflow of aqueous humor (high pressure as a kettle)