Autonomic Drugs II Flashcards
hemicholinium MOA
block choline reuptake to cholinergic neurons
vesamicol MOA
block ACh uptake into storage vesicles in cholinergic neurons
botulinum MOA
block vesicular fusion of ACh vesicles with presynaptic membrane
AChE inhibitor MOA
block breakdown of ACh in synaptic cleft
metyrosine MOA
block tyrosine > DOPA
in noradrenergic nerve
reserpine MOA
block dopamine uptake into vesicles
in noradrenergic nerve
bretylium MOA
block NE release from noradrenergic nerves
guanethidine MOA
block NE release from noradrenergic nerves
amphetamine MOA
increase NE release from noradrenergic nerves
AND inhibit NE reuptake
ephedrine MOA
increased NE release from noradrenergic nerves
cocaine MOA
decreased reuptake of NE
TCA MOA
decreased reuptake of NE
NE negative feedback
to alpha2 on presynaptic autoreceptors
blocks release of more NE
AT2 receptor
activation leads to more NE release
bethanecol drug type
cholinomimetic
resistant to AChE
carbachol drug type
cholinomimetic
methacholine drug type
cholinomimetic
pilocarpine drug type
cholinomimetic
resistant to AChE
drug challenge test for asthma
methacholine
tx postop ileus, neurogenic ileus, urinary retention
bethanechol
drug constrict pupil and relieve intraocular P in glaucoma
carbachol
drug stimulate seat, tears, saliva
tx open and closed angle glaucoma
pilocarpine
closed angle - pupillary sphincter
open angle - ciliary m of eye
donepezil
AChE inhibitor
tx of AD
galantamine
AChE inhibitor
tx of AD
rivastigmine
AChE inhibitor
tx of AD
edrophonium
AChE inhibitor
old diagnosis of myasthenia gravis - would improve sx
new test - anti-ACh receptor Ab
neostigmine
AChE inhibitor
-no CNS penetration
postop and neurogenic ileus
urinary retention
myasthenia gravis
reversal of NMJ blockade - postop
postop reverse of NMJ blockade
neostigmine
physostigmine
AChE inhibitor
-cross BBB
can be used for anticholinergic toxicity
atropein OD tx
physostigmine
pyridostigmine
AChE inhibitor
-long acting
for tx of MG
adverse of cholinomimetics
exacerbate COPD, asthma, and peptic ulcers
cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
organophosphates
-irreversible inhibition of AChE
diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal m and CNS, lacrimation, sweating, salivation
diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation of skeletal m and CNS, lacrimation, sweating, salivation
cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
antidote for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
atropine - competitive inhibitor
pralidoxime - regenerate AChE
pralidoxime
regenerate AChE
atropine
muscarinic antagonist
on eyes
homoatropine
muscarinic antagonist
on eyes
tropicamide
muscarinic antagonist
on eyes
benztropine
muscarinic antagonist
tx of PD
glycopyrrolate
muscarinic antagonist
preop - reduce airway secretion
oral - tx of drooling and peptic ulcer
hyoscyamine
muscarinic antagonist
antispasmodic - irritable bowel syndrome
dicyclomine
muscarinic antagonist
antispasmodic - irritable bowel syndrome
ipratropium
muscarinic antagonist
COPD and asthma
tiotropium
muscarinic antagonist
COPD and asthma
oxybutynin
muscarinic antagonist
reduce bladder spasm and urge urinary incontinence (overactive bladder)
solifenacin
muscarinic antagonist
reduce bladder spasm and urge urinary incontinence (overactive bladder)
tolterodin
muscarinic antagonist
reduce bladder spasm and urge urinary incontinence (overactive bladder)
scopolamine
muscarinic antagonist
tx motion sickness - act in CNS