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IC > Autonomic Drugs by Class > Flashcards

Autonomic Drugs by Class Flashcards

1
Q
  • acetylcholine
  • bethanechol
  • carbachol
  • cevimeline
A

direct M agonists, choline esters

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2
Q

muscarine

pilocarpine

A

M agonists, alkaloids

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3
Q

nicotine

varenicline

A

direct nicotinic agonist

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4
Q 
neostigmine
physostigmine
pyridostigmine
rivastigmine
ambenonium
demecarium
carbaryl
A

cholinesterase inhibitors, carbamates

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5
Q

edrophonium

A

cholinesterase inhibitor, simple alcohol ester

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6
Q 
echothiophate
soman
sarin
parathion
malathion
isofluorophate
DFP
A

cholinesterase inhibitor, organophosphates

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7
Q

donepezil
tacrine
galantamine

A

cholinesterase inhibitors

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8
Q 
atropine
scopolamine
homatropine
pirenzepine
tropicamide
tolterodine
dicyclomine
fesoteridine
mepenzolate
solifenacin
oxybutinin
darifenacin
A

M antagonist - tertiary amine

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9
Q 
atropine methyl nitrate
methscopolamine
ipratropium
propantheline
glycopyrrolate
A

M antagonist - quaternary amine

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10
Q

hexamethonium
trimethaphan
mecamylamine

A

ganglionic blocking drugs

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11
Q

pralidozime (2-PAM)

A

cholinesterase regenerator

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12
Q 
epinephrine (a1, a2, b1, b2)
norepinephrine (a1, a2, b1)
isoproterenol (b1, b2)
dobutamine (b1) 
dopamine (d1)
A

catecholamines

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13
Q 
ephedrine/pseudoephedrine
cocaine
tyramine
amphetamine
methamphetamine
methylphenidate
A

indirect sympathomimetics

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14
Q

phenylephrine
methoxamine
oxymetazoline (afrin)

A

alpha-1 selective agonists

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15
Q

clonidine
methydopa
guanfacine
guanabenz

A

alpha-2 selective agonists

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16
Q

dobutamine

prenalterol

A

beta-1 selective agonists

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17
Q

albuterol
salmeterol
terbutaline

A

beta-2 selective agonists

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18
Q
  • act on peripheral vasculature

- contract smooth muscle, pressor effects

A

alpha 1 adrenoceptors

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19
Q
  • presynaptic autoregulation of neurotransmitter release

- decrease cAMP

A

alpha 2 adrenoceptors

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20
Q
  • activate adenylyl cyclase, increase cAMP

- equal affinity for epi and NE

A

beta 1 adrenoceptors

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21
Q
  • activate adenylyl cyclase, increase cAMP

- higher affinity for epi than NE

A

beta 2 adrenoceptors

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22
Q
  • potent vasoconstrictor (alpha-1) and cardiac stimulant (beta-1)
  • positive inotropic and chronotropic actions on the heart (beta-1)
  • epinephrine activates beta-2 receptors
  • mixed effects on TPR, increases venous capacitance
A

epinephrine

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23
Q
  • alpha-1, beta-1 activator
  • little effect on beta-2 receptors
  • increases peripheral resistance
  • increases diastolic and systolic BP
  • compensatory vagal reflexes overcome direct positive chronotropy, at high doses may directly increase HR
A

norepinephrine

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24
Q
  • potent nonselective beta agonist
  • positive chronotropic and inotropic actions
  • increases cardiac output
  • decreases diastolic and MAP
A

isoproterenol

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25
Q
  • activates D1 receptors in renal vasculature

- increases renal blood flow

A

dopamine

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26
Q
  • relatively beta-1 selective synthetic catecholamine

- activates alpha-1 receptors

A

dobutamine

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27
Q
  • alpha-1 agonist
  • not inactivated by COMT, longer duration of actions
  • mydriatic and decongestant, can raise BP
A

phenylephrine

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28
Q

alpha-1 selective sympathomimetic

A

methoxamine

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29
Q

first orally active sympathomimetic drug

A

ephedrine

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30
Q
  • OTC decongestant

- release endogenous NE

A

pseudoephedrine

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31
Q
  • direct alpha-1 agonists

- topical decongestant

A

oxymetazoline, xylometazoline

32
Q

used as antihypertensives, diminish SNS outflow

A

alpha-2 agonists (clonidine, methlydopa, guanfacine, guanabenz)

33
Q
  • increase cardiac output with less reflex tachycardia

- lack of beta-2 stimulated venous dilation

A

beta-1 agonists

34
Q

asthma and uterine relaxation in premature labor

A

beta-2 agonists (albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline, ritodrine)

35
Q
  • indirect sympathomimetic, stimulant effect on mood and alertness
  • drug of abuse
A

amphetamine

36
Q

higher ratio of central to peripheral actions than amphetamine

A

methamphetamine

37
Q

amphetamine variant used in ADHD

A

methylphenidate

38
Q

sympathomimetic due to blockade of uptake 1

39
Q

releases stored catecholamines, found in fermented foods, MAO inhibitors potentiate effects, can produce hypertensive crisis

40
Q

phentolamine
phenoxybenzamine
tolazoline

A

nonselective alpha antagonists

41
Q 
prazosin
terazosin
doxazosin
tamsulosin
alfuzosin
silodosin
labetalol
A

alpha-1 selective antagonists

42
Q

yohimbine

A

alpha-2 selective antagonists

43
Q

reserpine

guanadrel

A

adrenergic neuron blocking drugs

44
Q 
propanolol
nadolol
timolol
pindolol
cartelolol
penbutolol
levobunalol
labetalol
A

nonselective beta antagonists

45
Q 
metoprolol
esmolol
atenolol
acebutolol
betaxolol
bisoprolol
nebivolol
A

beta-1 selective antagonists

46
Q

butoxamine

A

beta-2 selective antagonist

47
Q

reversible (competitive) alpha antagonist

A

phentolamine

48
Q

irreversible alpha antagonist, long duration of action

A

phenoxybenzamine

49
Q

lower peripheral vascular resistance, reduce blood pressure

A

alpha antagonists

50
Q

can reverse pressor effects of epinephrine, may cause postural hypotension and reflex tachycardia

A

alpha antagonist

51
Q
  • alpha antagonist, nonselective, competitive
  • reduces TPR, MAP
  • reflex tachycardia
A

phentolamine

52
Q

irreversible alpha antagonist, binds covalently

  • treatment of pheochromocytoma
  • postural hypotension and tachycardia limit use
A

phenoxybenzamine

53
Q

prazosin and terazosin

A

alpha-1 selective antagonist

54
Q

alpha-1 antagonist with longer half life, treat HTN and BPH

55
Q

competitive alpha-1 antagonists, good efficacy in BPH

A

tamsulosin, alfuzosin

56
Q

alpha-2 selective antagonist, no clinical role, ED

57
Q

pindolol, acebutolol, and carteolol

A

beta-antagonists with intrinsic sympathomimetic effects

58
Q

ultra short acting beta-1 selective antagonist

59
Q 
benazepril
captopril
enalapril
fosinopril
lisinopril
moexipril
perindopril
quinapril
ramipril
trandolapril
A

ACE inhibitors

60
Q 
candesartan
eprosartan
irbesartan
losartan
olmesartan
telmisartan
valsartan
A

Angiotensin receptor antagonists

61
Q

aliskiren

A

renin inhibitor

62
Q

bosentan

A

endothelin receptor antagonist

63
Q

aprepitant

A

neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist

64
Q

desmopressin

vasopressin

A

vasopressin agonist

65
Q

conivaptan

A

vasopressin receptor antagonist

66
Q

aminophylline
theophylline
dyphylline

A

methylxanthines

67
Q

albuterol, bitolterol, pirbuterol, metaproterenol, terbutaline

A

b-2 agonists

68
Q

salmeterol and formoterol

A

long acting beta agonists

69
Q

epinephrine, ephedrine, isoproterenol

A

sympathomimetics

70
Q

ipratropium, tiotropium, atropine

A

muscarinic antagonists

71
Q

montelukast, zafirlukast, zileuton

A

leukotriene antagonists

72
Q

beclomethasone, budesonide, dexamethasone, flunisolide, fluticasone, mometasone

A

glucocorticoids

73
Q

omalizumab

A

anti-IgE antibody

74
Q

mepolizumab, reslizumab

A

anti IL-5 antibody

75
Q

cromolyn sodium, nedocromil sodium

A

prophylactic agents

IC (29 decks)

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