autoimmunity Flashcards
what is autoimmunity
a condition characterised by specific humoral and/or cell mediated immune response against the constituents of the bodies own tissues (autoantigens)
a misdirected immune response that occurs when the immune system goes awry and attacks the body itself
what does the induction of an autoimmune response disease require
a genetic predisposition
an immune trigger
an autoantigen
what is APECED
aire, autoimmune regulator, failure to remove autoimmune T cells in thymus - failure of negative selection
what is IPEX
FoxP3 - failure to produce natural T regulator
what is polyendocrinopathy
auto immune response to endocrine glands
what is some evidence that autoimmunity is also environmental
identical twins, 20-40% both develop, can be caused by infection, disease, diet
what are common infections that can lead to autoimmune disease
Coxsackie virus, type 1 diabetes
example of organ specific
graves
example of systemic
lupus
type 2 autoimmunity
antibody mediated
type 3 auto immunity
immune-complex disease
type 4 auto immunity
T cell-mediated disease
what is a good way of knowing if a autoimmune disease is type 2
from mother to foetus type 2 through antibodies, IgG is the only thing that goes across the placenta
what is pemphigus vulgaris
type II. auto immune attack on the integrity of the skin, mainly found in elderly women, blister forming. Autoantigen pushes skin cells apart.
Target is desmoglien 3.
what is myasthenia gravis
type II. autoantibodies against the acetyl choline receptor at the neuromuscular junction
eyes bugging
