autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most prevelent immune cpmplex disease

A

SLE

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2
Q

autoantibodies to what are produced in SLE

A

nucleic acids

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3
Q

what is low in sle patients

A

C3 and C4

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4
Q

why are c3 and c4 low in sle patients

A

immune complexes bind them and serum IgG is elevated beccause of the expanded b cell pop

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5
Q

how do t cells injure tissue

A

by triggering DTH reactions or by directly killing target cells

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6
Q

what causes DTH responses

A

CD4 TH1 cells and CD8 t cells

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7
Q

killing of cells can occur through

A

cd8 ctls recognition of peptide/class 1 MHC complexes

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8
Q

DTH reactions

A

injury results from products of activated macrophages such as lysosmal enzymes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and inflammatory cyokines

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9
Q

chronic DTH leads to

A

fibrosis as a result of cytokines produced by macrophages

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10
Q

organ specific autoimmune diseases are caused by

A

DTH reactions produced by autoreactive T cells

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11
Q

type 1 diabetes results from

A

destruction of insulin producing b cells in the islets of langerhns in the pancreas

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12
Q

what is the most common neurological disease in young adults

A

MS

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13
Q

produce autoreactive t cells that form inflammatory lesions along the myelin sheath of nerve fibers

A

MS patients

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14
Q

the csf of ms patients

A

contains activated t cells that infiltrate the brain

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15
Q

autoimmunity results from

A

a failure or breakdwon of the mechanisms responsible for maintaing self tollerance of be and t cellsn

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16
Q

epitope spreading

A

self antigen that injure tissues may reslut in the release or alteration of other antigens and activation of lymphocytes specific for those antigens worsening the diesase

17
Q

most autoimmune diseases are

18
Q

class 1 hlA B27

A

ANKLOSING SPONDYLTITS

19
Q

PTPN22

A

a gain of function variant of a protein phosphatase that results in weak T and B cell receptor signaling and could cause defects in peripheral tolerance

20
Q

CD25 IL2RA

A

polymorphisms affecting the expression of cd25 are associated with ms

21
Q

il-23r

A

defects could affect th17 responses to micrboes causing intestinal or cutaneous inflammation

22
Q

mechanism of central tolerance

23
Q

generation of regulatory t cells

A

FOXP3 IL-2

24
Q

polymorphisms in the inhibitory FcyRIIB are associated with

25
deficiency in genes encoding complement proteins are associated with
lupus like diseases
26
aire
destruction of endocrine organs by antibodies lymphocytes
27
oral tollerance
systemic adaptive immune tolerance to antigens that are ingested and may be a way of treating autoimmune diseases
28
il-10 function
il 10 inhibits the production of IL-12 by activating dendritic cells and macrophages
29
what is least likely to be involved in lymphocyte homeostasis
CD28
30
CD28 binds to what
B7
31
high doses of antigens favor
thymic deletion
32
infections can promote the development of autoimmunity by what mechanism
molecular micmcry
33
what is immunological tolerance
unresponsiveness of the immune system to an antigen which is induced by previous exposure to that antigen
34
what is a mechanism for central tolerance of b cells and not t cells
receptor editing
35
a genetic deficienvy in the ability to produce what molecules results in autoimmunity
IL-2
36