Autoimmune Skin Diseases & Immunosuppressive Therapies Flashcards
What is pemphigus complex and what are the different kinds?
Autoimmune skin disease where antibodies attack desmogleins
Type 2 sensitivity, acantholysis
Types- foliaceous, erythematosis, vegetans, vulgaris
What is pemphigus foliaceous?
Most common type of pemphigus
Show-chow, collie, akita
Antibodies target antigens in the upper part of the epidermis
What is the primary lesion for pemphigus foliaceous?
Pustule
What are the clinical signs of pemphigus foliaceous in cats?
“Stripper’s disease”
Lesions around nipples, nails, face
What does histopathology of PF show?
Subcorneal pustules with acantholytic cells
Need to biopsy lesions when off steroid therapy
What are important things to rule out with PF?
Pyoderma
Demodex
What is the therapy for P. Foliaceous, erythematosus (severe), vulgairs?
High doses of corticosteroids
azathioprine
chlorambucil
gold
What is pemphugus erythematosus?
Cross over between pemphigus and lupus
Milder than PF
Breeds- collie, GSD
Antibodies in intercellular spaces of dermis and BM
What are the clinical signs of pemphigus erythematosus?
Pustular dermatitis on face and ears
Nasal depigmentation
Aggravated by UV
No systemic signs
What is pemphigus vulgaris?
Acantholysis of lower epidermis
Rare in vet med but common in humans
Occurs in mouth! (Way to differentiate from PF)
What is the primary lesion for p. Vulgaris?
Bulla
What are the clinical signs of P. Vulgaris?
Animals are very ill- lethargy, anorexia, fever, secondary bacterial infections
What will histopathology for p. Vulgaris show?
Suprabasilar clefting and acantholysis
Prognosis is poor without therapy
What is pemphigus vegetans?
Milder form of PF, rare
What is discoid lupus erythematosus?
Benign form of lupus No systemic signs Aggravated by UV -> Ab in BM -> Type II hypersentivity Breeds- collie, GSD ANA- negative
What are the clinical signs of discoid lupus erythematosus?
Depigmentation, erosions, ulcerations on nose
What is the therapy for discoid lupus erythematosus?
Topical steroids, sunscreens, Vit E
What is systemic lupus erythematosus?
Multisystemic disease in which Ab are produced against different antigens (RBCs, platelets, Nuclear)
ANA- positive
What are the clinical signs of systemic lupus erythematosus?
Seborrhea Vasculitis (pinnae, footpads) Nasal depigmentation Mucocutaneous bullous disease Panniculitis
What is the therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus?
Immunosuppressive drugs )high doses of steroids, azathioprine, chlorambucil)
Gold is contraindicated
What is bollus pemphigoid?
Ab attack BM Old animals (collie, doberman)
What is the primary lesion for bollus pemphigoid?
Bulla
What is erythema multiforme?
Immune-mediated syndrome secondary to drugs or infections characterized by peripheral erythema with central clearing
Animals are not usually systemically ill
What is toxic epidermal necrolysis?
Severe, cutaneous eruptions causing full thickness necrosis and sloughing
Animals are systemically ill
Steroids contraindicated
