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IMMUNOSEROLOGY > Autoimmune Disorders > Flashcards

Autoimmune Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

All the following characteristics are common to organ specific and organ-nonspecific disorders except:

a. Autoantibody tests are of diagnostic value.
b. Antibodies may appear in each of the main immunoglobulin classes.
c. Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low concentrations.
d. Circulatory autoantibodies react with normal body constituents.

A

c. Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low concentrations.

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2
Q

Antibody expression in the development of autoimmunity is regulated by all the following factors except:

a. Genetic predisposition
b. Increasing age
c. Environmental factors (e.g., ultraviolet [UV] radiation)
d. Active infectious disease

A

d. Active infectious disease

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3
Q

The mechanism responsible for autoimmune disorder is:

a. Circulating immune complexes
b. Antigen excess
c. Antibody excess
d. Antigen deficiency

A

a. Circulating immune complexes

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4
Q

One of the mechanisms believed to induce self-tolerance is:

a. Induction of responsiveness in immunocompetent cells
b. Elimination of clone programmed to react with antigen
c. Decreased suppressor cell activity
d. Stimulation of clones of immunocompetent cells

A

b. Elimination of clone programmed to react with antigen

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5
Q

Acetylcholine receptor–blocking antibodies

a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

A

b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis

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6
Q

Anticardiolipin antibody
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

A

e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

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7
Q

Anti-DNA antibodies

a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

A

c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE

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8
Q

_______ Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibodies

a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

A

d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease

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9
Q

Antinuclear ribonucleoprotein

a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis

A

a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease

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10
Q

Anti-Scl

a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease

A

a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis

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11
Q

Anti-Sm
a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease

A

c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE

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12
Q

Anti–smooth muscle

a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease

A

d. Seen in viral disorders

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13
Q

Anti SS-A

a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis

A

b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex

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14
Q

Histone-reactive antinuclear antibody

a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis

A

c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus

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15
Q

PM-I antibody

a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis

A

e. Found in most patients with polymyositis

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16
Q

The term autoimmune disorder is used when:

a. Demonstrable immunoglobulins display specificity for self antigens.
b. Cytotoxic T cells display specificity for self antigens.
c. Cytotoxic T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

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17
Q

The presence of autoantibodies are only associated with autoimmune disease

A

false

18
Q

In organ-specific disorders, antigens are only available to the lymphoid system in low concentrations.

A

true

19
Q

There is a familial tendency to develop organspecific disorders.

A

true

20
Q

In organ-specific disorders, lesions are caused by deposition of antigen-antibody complexes

A

false

21
Q

In organ-specific disorders, there is a tendency to develop cancer

A

true

22
Q

Self-recognition (tolerance) is induced by:

a. Burnet’s clonal selection theory
b. Elimination of the small clone of immunocompetent cells programmed to react with the antigen
c. Induction of unresponsiveness in the immunocompetent cells through excessive antigen binding
d. All of the above

A

d. All of the above

23
Q

Acetylcholine receptor binding antibody (AChR)

a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia

A

b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis

24
Q

Anticentromere antibody

a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia

A

c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome

25
Q

Antiintrinsic factor antibody

a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia

A

d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia

26
Q

Antimitochondrial antibody

a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia

A

a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis

27
Q

Antimyelin antibody

a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever

A

a. Associated with multiple myeloma

28
Q

Antimyocardial antibody

a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever

A

d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever

29
Q

Cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA

a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever

A

b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis

30
Q

Antinuclear antibody (ANA)

a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever

A

c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus

31
Q

organ specific disorder:
Thyroid

A

Grave’s disease

32
Q

organ specific disorder: Stomach

A

pernicious anemia

33
Q

organ specific disorder: Pancreas

A

insulin dependent diabetes

34
Q

organ specific disorder: Joints

A

rheumatoid arthritis

35
Q

The immunologic manifestations of multiple sclerosis include all the following except:

a. Antimyelin antibodies
b. An oligoclonal increase in CSF immunoglobulin
c. In vitro antibody-mediated immunity
d. An increase in certain HLA and Ia antigens

A

c. In vitro antibody-mediated immunity

36
Q

Most immunologically mediated renal diseases fall into one of the following categories, except for:

a. Association with circulating immune complexes
b. Association with circulating antigen
c. Association with anti–glomerular basement membrane antibody
d. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

b. Association with circulating antigen

37
Q

Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are the most common expressions of:

a. Rheumatoid heart disease
b. Skeletal muscle disorders
c. Rheumatoid arthritis
d. Either a or b

A

b. Skeletal muscle disorders

38
Q

regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:

It is more common in women than men

A

FALSE

39
Q

regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:

Most patients are younger than 50 years at diagnosis

A

FALSE

40
Q

regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:

The number of reported cases has been decreasing over the last decade

A

FALSE

41
Q

The immunologic abnormality associated with autoimmune pancreatitis in the Japanese population is:

a. Autoantibodies against carbonic anhydrase
b. HLA haplotype
c. Hypogammaglobulinemia
d. Elevated serum IgE levels

A

b. HLA haplotype

IMMUNOSEROLOGY (8 decks)

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