Autoimmune Disorders Flashcards
All the following characteristics are common to organ specific and organ-nonspecific disorders except:
a. Autoantibody tests are of diagnostic value.
b. Antibodies may appear in each of the main immunoglobulin classes.
c. Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low concentrations.
d. Circulatory autoantibodies react with normal body constituents.
c. Antigens are available to lymphoid system in low concentrations.
Antibody expression in the development of autoimmunity is regulated by all the following factors except:
a. Genetic predisposition
b. Increasing age
c. Environmental factors (e.g., ultraviolet [UV] radiation)
d. Active infectious disease
d. Active infectious disease
The mechanism responsible for autoimmune disorder is:
a. Circulating immune complexes
b. Antigen excess
c. Antibody excess
d. Antigen deficiency
a. Circulating immune complexes
One of the mechanisms believed to induce self-tolerance is:
a. Induction of responsiveness in immunocompetent cells
b. Elimination of clone programmed to react with antigen
c. Decreased suppressor cell activity
d. Stimulation of clones of immunocompetent cells
b. Elimination of clone programmed to react with antigen
Acetylcholine receptor–blocking antibodies
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
Anticardiolipin antibody
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
Anti-DNA antibodies
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
_______ Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibodies
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
Antinuclear ribonucleoprotein
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
b. Found in one third of patients with myasthenia gravis
c. Useful in monitoring the activity and exacerbations of SLE
d. Suggestive of Goodpasture’s disease
e. Present in SLE and associated with arterial and venous thrombosis
a. Helpful in monitoring Addison’s disease
Anti-Scl
a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease
a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
Anti-Sm
a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
Anti–smooth muscle
a. Antibody to basic nonhistone nuclear protein, diagnostic of systemic sclerosis
b. Present in bullous pemphigoid
c. Presence of antibody confirms diagnosis of SLE
d. Seen in viral disorders
e. Characteristic of mixed connective tissue disease
d. Seen in viral disorders
Anti SS-A
a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
Histone-reactive antinuclear antibody
a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
PM-I antibody
a. Detectable in patients with myasthenia gravis
b. Demonstrable in Sjögren’s syndrome—sicca complex
c. Highly suggestive of drug-induced lupus erythematosus
d. Found in one third of patients with uncomplicated polymyositis and some patients with dermatomyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis
e. Found in most patients with polymyositis
The term autoimmune disorder is used when:
a. Demonstrable immunoglobulins display specificity for self antigens.
b. Cytotoxic T cells display specificity for self antigens.
c. Cytotoxic T cells contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The presence of autoantibodies are only associated with autoimmune disease
false
In organ-specific disorders, antigens are only available to the lymphoid system in low concentrations.
true
There is a familial tendency to develop organspecific disorders.
true
In organ-specific disorders, lesions are caused by deposition of antigen-antibody complexes
false
In organ-specific disorders, there is a tendency to develop cancer
true
Self-recognition (tolerance) is induced by:
a. Burnet’s clonal selection theory
b. Elimination of the small clone of immunocompetent cells programmed to react with the antigen
c. Induction of unresponsiveness in the immunocompetent cells through excessive antigen binding
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Acetylcholine receptor binding antibody (AChR)
a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Anticentromere antibody
a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
Antiintrinsic factor antibody
a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia
Antimitochondrial antibody
a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
b. Useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
c. Demonstrated in most patients with CREST syndrome
d. Found in 60% of patients with pernicious anemia
a. Strongly suggestive, in a high titer, of primary biliary binding antibody cirrhosis
Antimyelin antibody
a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever
a. Associated with multiple myeloma
Antimyocardial antibody
a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever
Cytoplasmic antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (c-ANCA
a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
Antinuclear antibody (ANA)
a. Associated with multiple myeloma
b. Marker for Wegener’s granulomatosis
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
d. Diagnostic of Dressler’s syndrome or rheumatic fever
c. Characteristic of untreated systemic lupus erythematosus
organ specific disorder:
Thyroid
Grave’s disease
organ specific disorder: Stomach
pernicious anemia
organ specific disorder: Pancreas
insulin dependent diabetes
organ specific disorder: Joints
rheumatoid arthritis
The immunologic manifestations of multiple sclerosis include all the following except:
a. Antimyelin antibodies
b. An oligoclonal increase in CSF immunoglobulin
c. In vitro antibody-mediated immunity
d. An increase in certain HLA and Ia antigens
c. In vitro antibody-mediated immunity
Most immunologically mediated renal diseases fall into one of the following categories, except for:
a. Association with circulating immune complexes
b. Association with circulating antigen
c. Association with anti–glomerular basement membrane antibody
d. Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
b. Association with circulating antigen
Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are the most common expressions of:
a. Rheumatoid heart disease
b. Skeletal muscle disorders
c. Rheumatoid arthritis
d. Either a or b
b. Skeletal muscle disorders
regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:
It is more common in women than men
FALSE
regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:
Most patients are younger than 50 years at diagnosis
FALSE
regarding the epidemiology of
autoimmune pancreatitis:
The number of reported cases has been decreasing over the last decade
FALSE
The immunologic abnormality associated with autoimmune pancreatitis in the Japanese population is:
a. Autoantibodies against carbonic anhydrase
b. HLA haplotype
c. Hypogammaglobulinemia
d. Elevated serum IgE levels
b. HLA haplotype
