Autism Therapies Flashcards

1
Q

What is ABA based on?

A

The ABC Model (all behaviours have triggers and consequences)

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2
Q

How does ABA work?

A

Through operant conditioning - complex skills are broken down into smaller steps which create a hierarchy (good behaviours are rewarded)

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3
Q

What happens to unacceptable behaviours in ABA?

A

They’re ignored and given no reinforcement

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4
Q

What is discrete trial training in ABA?

A

Teaches skills, communication etc.

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5
Q

How does ABA account for individual differences?

A

Because it’s individually tailored so it’s more effective for the child

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6
Q

Give 2 pieces of supporting evidence for ABA

A
  • Lovaas - 47% achieved normal educational functioning compared to 2% in the control group
  • Can involve parents so they’re helping and continuing training outside of sessions
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7
Q

Give 2 pieces of conflicting evidence for ABA

A
  • Warren et al - reviewed studies of ABA. 13 good vs 90 poor

- Only shows benefits for a short period of time

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8
Q

How is ABA socially controlling?

A

Because the child’s behaviour is being changed against their will

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9
Q

What is the problem with prompting in ABA?

A

Behaviour may not always be shown outside of sessions

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10
Q

Why might extinction be a problem in ABA?

A

Because once the rewards stop this may occur - not long term so not useful

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11
Q

Why might discrimination be a problem in ABA?

A

Because behaviours can’t be generalised so may only work in one scenario - less useful

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12
Q

What does CBT treat in children with autism?

A

Anxiety

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13
Q

How does CBT work?

A

New skills are learnt to help when in anxious situations - alters thought processes

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14
Q

How is CBT adapted for children with autism?

A

Focuses on social coaching and teaching thought skills

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15
Q

Give 2 pieces of supporting evidence for CBT

A
  • Wood - 78.% improvement in anxiety after 16 CBT sessions

- Sofronoff - children experienced less anxiety after CBT (parental self report)

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16
Q

How is CBT individually based?

A

Focuses on anxiety so more useful

17
Q

Is CBT effective in the long term?

A

Yes therefore its skills are useful

18
Q

Is CBT socially controlling?

A

To an extent as it changes their natural behaviours

19
Q

Why is CBT difficult for autistic children?

A

Because it has a verbal nature in which they struggle to communicate

20
Q

How can CBT be adapted for other behaviours?

A

Alters thought processes so can be adapted to change any thought process

21
Q

Give 2 similarities and 2 differences between CBT and ABA

A
  • Both individually based
  • Both learn skills to alter behaviours
  • CBT only focuses on anxiety rather than behaviours associated with autism
  • ABA is more socially controlling as it changes behaviours rather than finding a solution in dealing with them