AUTACOIDS Flashcards
Local hormone produced in tissues rather than in glands.
AUTACOIDS
Are locally acting hormone like substance, which originates from different tissue and produce intense biological activities near their site of synthesis or release.
AUTACOIDS
Classifications of autacoids:
AMINE AUTACOIDS
PEPTIDE AUTACOIDS
EICOSANOIDS
Biogenic amines:
(THREE CATECHOLAMINES)
DOPAMINE
NOREPINEPHRINE (NORADRENALINE)
EPINEPHRINE (ADRENALINE)
SEROTONIN
HISTAMINE
Eicosanoids:
LEUKOTRIENES
THROMBOXANES
PROSTAGLANDINS
PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTORS
Angiotensin
Kinins-bradykinin and kallikidin
Vasopressin
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
substance P
Slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis
POLYPEPTIDE
Is a biogenic substance with one or more anime groups.
BIOGENIC AMINE / AMINE AUTACOIDS
They are basic nitrogenous compounds formed mainly by decarboxylation of amino acids or by amination and transamination of aldehydes and ketones.
BIOGENIC AMINE
It regulate brain functions such as movement, behavior, emotions, temperature, blood pressure and endocrine secretions.
BIOGENIC AMINES
They are chemicals your immune system makes. They act like bouncers at a club.
HISTAMINE
They help your body get rid of something that’s bothering you — in this case, an allergy trigger, or “allergen.”
HISTAMINES
They start the process that hustles those allergens out of your body or off your skin. They can make you sneeze, tear up, or itch — whatever it takes to get the job done. They are part of you body’s defense system.
HISTAMINES
4 types of histamine receptors:
H1- RECEPTOR
H2- RECEPTOR
H3- RECEPTOR
H4- RECEPTOR
Drives cellular migration, nociception, vasodilation and bronchoconstriction.
H1-RECEPTOR
It modifies gastric acid secretion, airway mucus production, and vascular permeability.
H2-RECEPTOR
It plays an important role in neuro-inflammatory diseases.
H3- RECEPTOR
Other term for serotonin.
5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE
It is a monoamine neurotransmitter.
SEROTONIN OR 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE
Its biological function is complex and multifaceted, modulating mood, cognition, reward, learning, memory, and numerous physiological processes such as vomiting and vasoconstriction.
SEROTONIN
It plays several roles in our body, including influencing learning, memory, happiness such as well as regulating body temperature, sleep, sexual behavior and hunger.
SEROTONIN
Produce in cells (tissue)
AUTACOIDS
Where is the autacoid located?
MAST CELL
Like hormone but not hormone
AUTACOIDS
Too much histamine can cause?
Harmful effect in our body
Life threatening allergic action
ANAPHYLAXIS
difficulty in breathing, bronchoconstriction in bronchi by H1
DYSPNEA
Effect of H1-receptor
ALLERGIC REACTION
Sleep disorder
NARCOLEPSY
Blood (WBC), Basophil, Eosinophils
H4-RECEPTOR
(Lack of enough serotonin is thought to play a role in depression, anxiety, mania and other health conditions.)
serotonin is almost exclusively produced in neurons originating in the raphe nuclei located in the midline of the brainstem. These serotonin-producing neurons form the largest and most complex efferent system in the human brain.
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
part of the brain where serotonin is?
BRAINSTEM
Where are 5-HT receptors located?
POST-SYNAPTIC ENTERIC AND SENSORY NEURONS
ENTERIC NEURONAL MEMBRANES
VAGUS
GASTRIC ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND IN THE CNS
Where is most serotonin found?
GUT (INTESTINES)
About ____ of serotonin is found in the cells lining your gastrointestinal tract.
90%
About ___ of serotonin is produced by our brain.
10%
Is 5-HT the same as serotonin?
YES, BECAUSE SERONININ IS ALSO KNOWN AS 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (5-HT)
primarily affects mood, promoting feelings of well-being. It also affects appetite, sleep cycles and pain perception.
SEROTONIN / 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (5-HT)
What causes a lack of serotonin?
AGE-RELATED HEALTH AND BRAIN CHANGES
CHRONIC STRESS
A LACK EXPOSURE TO NATURAL LIGHT
LACK OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
6 symptoms of low serotonin levels:
• MEMORY PROBLEMS
• FEELING LOW
• CRAVING SWEET FOODS
• HAVING PROBLEM SLEEPING
• FEELING BAD ABOUT YOURSELF
• INCREASED LIBIDO (SEXUAL DESIRE)
The most widely used class of antidepressant drugs is commonly referred to as?
TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
Is a mechanism to enhance blood flow to areas of the body that are lacking oxygen/or nutrients.
VASODILATION
(The vasodilation’ “causes a
decrease in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and an increase in blood flow, resulting in a reduction of blood pressure.)
are involved in the synthesis of serotonin and other neurotransmitters.
FOLIC ACID AND VITAMIN B12
has been found in many patients who have depression or decreased attention, concentration, and memory.
VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY
H2 BLOCKERS
• CIMETIDINE
• FAMOTIDINE
• NIZATIDINE
• RANITIDINE
H3 BLOCKERS:
• CLOBENPROPIT
• CIPROXIFAN
• CONESSINE
• BETAHISTINE
• PITOLISANT
• ABT - 239
• A-349
• 821
• THIOPERAMIDE
treatment for psychiatric disorder or cognitive disorder
THIOPERAMIDE
H4 BLOCKERS
VUF- 6002
orally active and inhibits the activity of both mast cell and eosinophils in vivo, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperallergic effects
VUF- 6002
