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3/4 OED > Aus Outdoor Enviro. Before Humans > Flashcards

Aus Outdoor Enviro. Before Humans Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three characteristics?

A
  • biological isolation
  • geological stability
  • climatic variation
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2
Q

If relationships is in a question you should respond with?

A
  • perceptions
  • interactions
  • impacts
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3
Q

How long ago did Aus breakaway from Antartica?

A

50 million years ago

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4
Q

How did biological isolation affect Aus flora and fauna?

A
  • There was no way species could mix, compete or relate with any other (besides on Aus soil)
  • left alone to evolve
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5
Q

What type of animals dominated Aus?

A

Marsupials such as the koala and kangaroo

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6
Q

What is an example of fauna affected by biological isolation?

A

Water rats adapted into the new species of platypus due to less diversity in their breeding partners

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7
Q

Why is the soil quality poor in Australia?

A

Its in the middle of a tectonic plate, therefore no earthquakes, volcanoes or glaciers have changed the shape for 200 million years

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8
Q

How have plants adapted to the Australian landscape?

A
  • grey dull leaves

- leaves hang down

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9
Q

What are examples of geological stability?

A
  • eucalyptus dominate
  • koalas eat eucalyptus leaves to cater for lack of nutritional value, they adapted to be the only animal to be able to eat it
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10
Q

What is La Niña?

A

Warm body of water that bounces between Aus and South America. When wrap water is near Aus it leads to rainfall (floods) due to increased evaporation

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11
Q

What does El Niño result in?

A

Less rain due to less evaporation (drought)

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12
Q

What are some features of drought?

A

Species develop strategies to conserve or reduce water requirements

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13
Q

What are some features of plants in bushfires?

A

Plants fuel and also adapt to fires (fermentation often occurs eg. Eucalyptus, mountain ash, banksia)

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14
Q

What are some features of floods?

A

Leads to bird migration, to use new wetland areas

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15
Q

Why have plants adapted to have grey or dull leaves?

A

Less chlorophyll/ less energy

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16
Q

Why have Aus plants adapted to have hanging leaves?

A

Less midday sun so they don’t lose too much water, but still get light in morning and evening

17
Q

How have wombats adapted to climatic variation?

A

They live underground to keep cool

18
Q

How have kangaroos adapted?

A

95% of the energy from the first hop is retained for the following hop

19
Q

What are the possible causes of the extinction of megafauna?

A

Indigenous Australians, ice age, introduction of dingos

20
Q

What does the perception of worship mean?

A

Protection and connection to the land

21
Q

What does the perception of worthship mean?

A

Land is perceived based on its value and ability to provide resources, food and provide a profit

22
Q

What is the purpose of fire stick farming?

A
  • burn undergrowth
  • flush out animals
  • burn grass
23
Q

Why does burning grass through fire stick farming help the enviro.?

A

Allows new grass to grow back and attracts animals

24
Q

What does flushing out animals by fire stick farming result in?

A

Easier hunting

25
Q

What does burning the undergrowth through fire stick farming prevent?

A

Larger bushfires from occurring as there is less fuel

26
Q

What is a nomadic lifestyle?

A

Moving locations wth the seasons

27
Q

Where did the indigenous people move in summer months?

A

Coastal

28
Q

Where did indigenous people move during winter months?

A

Inland

29
Q

What does Terra Nullius mean?

A

Land belonging to no one

30
Q

What was the evidence of indigenous inhabitants?

A

Shell middens and scarred trees

31
Q

What were shell middens?

A

Piles of shells left over from feasts

32
Q

Where were shell middens found near Phillip island?

A

Forrest caves beach in sand dunes

33
Q

What are scarred trees?

A

Bark taken off tree to use for bark canoes used by the bunurong people to travel to Phillip island

34
Q

Where are scarred trees found near Phillip island?

A

Corinella

35
Q

Where did the bunurong people hunter gather in the summer months?

A

Swan lake

36
Q

What did the bunurong people consume around swan lake?

A

Mutton, cape Barron, geese and possum

37
Q

Where did the bunurong people travel to during summer months?

A

Swan lake

38
Q

Why did the bunurong people travel to swan lake?

A

Plentiful food and fresh water

3/4 OED (8 decks)

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