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MTAP 1 > AUBF (reagent strip) > Flashcards

AUBF (reagent strip) Flashcards

1
Q

reading time: BILIRUBIN

A

multistix: 30s
chemstrip: 60s

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2
Q

Principle: BILIRUBIN

A

Diazo reaction

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3
Q

Multistix sensitivity: BILIRUBIN

A

0.4-0.8 mg/dL

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4
Q

Chemstrip sensitivity: BILIRUBIN

A

0.5 mg/dL

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5
Q

Multistix reagent: BILIRUBIN

A

2,4 - Dichloroaniline diazoniun salt

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6
Q

Chemstrip reagent: BILIRUBIN

A

2,6 - Dichlorobenzene diazoniun salt

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7
Q

BILIRUBIN RXN

A

bilirubin glucuronide + diazonium salt
—(acid)—> azodye

dichloroaniline end-color: tan
dichlorobenzene end-color: pink-violet

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8
Q

type of bilirubin that appears in urine

A

conjugated

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9
Q

Associated with BILIRUBINURIA

A

hepatitis
cirrhosis
gallstones
carcinoma

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10
Q

correlation to BILIRUBIN

A

urobilinogen

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11
Q

false (+) sources of BILIRUBIN

A

• pigmented spx
• Phenazopyridine (gives yellow-orange color)
• Lodine metabolites
• Indican (intestinal disorder)

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12
Q

False (–) BILIRUBIN

A

• Light exposure (photo oxidized to biliverdin that does not react with Diazo)
• Ascorbic acid (>25 mg/dL)
• Inc. urine concentration
• Old spx
• Bilirubin hydrolysis to diglucoronide —> free bilirubin
• Nitrite (attaches to diazonium salt)

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13
Q

Confirmatory test for Bilirubin

A

Ictotest tablets
Result (+): blue —> purple color

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14
Q

screening test for DM

A

glucose chem strip

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15
Q

elevated glucose level

A

hyperglycemia

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16
Q

glucose renal threshold

A

160-180 mg/dL
(blood level at which tubular reabsorption stops)

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17
Q

fluctuating blood glucose level on a NONFASTING normal person after a meal

A

glycosuria

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18
Q

fasting spx required

A

2nd morning specimen

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19
Q

hyperglycemia during pregnancy

A

gestational diabetes

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20
Q

glycosuria in absence of hyperglycemia during malfunction in reabsorption of glucose by renal tubules

A

renal glycosuria

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21
Q

GLUCOSE reading time

A

30s

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22
Q

GLUCOSE principle

A

Double sequential enzymatic rxn
(glucose oxidase, peroxidase)

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23
Q

Glucose multistix sensitivity

A

75-125 mg/dL

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24
Q

Glucose Chemstrip sensitivity

A

40 mg/dL

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25
Q

reagents for GLU multistix
end color

A

glu oxidase, peroxidase
POTASSIUM IODIDE (green to brown)

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26
Q

reagents for GLU chemstrip
end color

A

glu oxidase, peroxidase
TETRAMETHYLBENZIDINE (yellow to green)

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27
Q

other examples of chromogens for glu rxn

A

clinistix: O-toluidine (pink—> purple)
aminopropyl-carbazol (yellow —> orange-brown)

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28
Q

correlation to GLUCOSE

A

ketone
protein

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29
Q

false (+) GLUCOSE

A

• oxidizing agents (contaminated cont with peroxide)
• detergents

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30
Q

false (–) GLUCOSE

A

• Increased Ascorbic acid, SG, Ketones
• Decreased temp.
• Improperly preserved spx standing at RT

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31
Q

remedy for increased ascorbic acid causing false neg GLUCOSE

A

iodate

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32
Q

represents 3 intermediate products of fat metabolism

A

ketones

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33
Q

Ketones reading time

A

40s

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34
Q

Ketones principle

A

Sodium nitroprusside (nitroferricyanide) rxn

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35
Q

Ketones multistix sensitivity

A

5-10 mg/dL (acetoacetic acid)

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36
Q

Ketones chemstrip sensitivity

A

9 mg/dL (acetoacetic acid)

70 mg/dL (acetone)

37
Q

Ketones multistix reagent

A

Sodium nitroprusside (detects acetoacetic acid)

38
Q

Ketones chemstrip reagent

A

Sodium nitroprusside + GLYCINE (detects acetoacetic acid + acetone)

39
Q

early indicator of insufficient dosage in type 1 diabetes

A

ketones

40
Q

correlated to ketones

A

glucose

41
Q

false (+) KETONES

A

• Levodopa
• Sulfhydril medications (Mercaptoethane sulfonate sodium [MESNA] and Captopril)
• Phthalein dyes
• Pigmented spx
• Improperly timed reading

42
Q

False (–) KETONES

A

Improperly preserved spx causing volatilization of acetone and acetoacetic acid

43
Q

SG reading time

A

45s

44
Q

SG principle

A

pKa (dissociation constant) changes of polyelectrolyte in ALKALINE medium

45
Q

SG sensitivity

A

1.000-1.030

46
Q

color if SG is 1.000

A

blue (alk)

47
Q

color if SG is 1.030

A

yellow (acid)

48
Q

intermediate color if SG is betw. 1.000-1.030

A

shades of GREEN

49
Q

SG Multistix reagent

A

Poly (methylvinylether/maleic anhydride)
Indicator: bromthymol blue

50
Q

SG Chemstrip reagent

A

Ethyleneglycol diaminoethylether tetraacetic acid
Indicator: bromthymol blue

51
Q

T/F
Spx with pH of 6.5 or higher have decreased readings caused by interference with bromthymol blue

A

T

52
Q

False (+) SG

A

increased PROTEIN conc.

53
Q

False (–) SG

A

highly alkaline urine (equal or > pH 6.5)

54
Q

what is recommended if the pH of urine is equal or > pH 6.5 that may cause decreased SG readings?

A

add 0.005 to SG

55
Q

reagent for pH

A

Methyl red
Bromthymol blue

56
Q

pH MULTISTIX sensitivity

A

5.0 to 8.5 in 0.5 increments

57
Q

pH CHEMSTRIP sensitivity

A

5.0 to 9.0 in 1.0 increments

58
Q

Sources of error/ interference for pH

A

No known interfering substances

Run-over from adjacent pads (close to
protein pad - highly acidic)

Old specimens

59
Q

pH is correlated with these tests

A

Nitrite
Leukocytes
Microscopic

60
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for protein

A

Tetrabromophenol blue

61
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for protein

A

3’,3’’,5’,5’’-tetrachlorophenol
3,4,5,6-tetrabromosulfophthalein

62
Q

Protein MULTISTIX sensitivity

A

15 to 30 mg/dL albumin

63
Q

Protein CHEMSTRIP sensitivity

A

6 mg/dL albumin

64
Q

False (+) protein

A

Highly buffered interference alkaline urine

Pigmented specimens, phenazopyridine

Quaternary ammonium compounds (detergents)

Antiseptics, chlorhexidine

Loss of buffer from prolonged exposure of the strip to the specimen reagent

High specific gravity

65
Q

False (-) protein

A

Proteins other than albumin
Microalbuminuria

66
Q

Tests correlated with protein

A

Nitrite
Leukocytes
Microscopic

67
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for glucose

A

Glucose oxidase
Peroxidase
Potassium iodide

68
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for glucose

A

Glucose oxidase
Peroxidase
Tetramethylbenzidine

69
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for blood

A

Diisopropylbenzene dihydroperoxide

3,3’,5,5’- tetramethylbenzidine

70
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for blood

A

Dimethyldihydroperoxy-hexane

Tetramethylbenzidine

71
Q

Parameters affected by ascorbic acid causing FALSE NEG

A

Blood
Bilirubin
Leukocytes
Nitrite
Glucose

72
Q

Tests correlated with Blood

A

Protein
Microscopic

73
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for urobilinogen

A

p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde

74
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for urobilinogen

A

4-methoxybenzene-diazonium- tetrafluoroborate

75
Q

Urobilinogen MULTISTIX sensitivity

A

0.2 mg/dL urobilinogen

76
Q

Urobilinogen CHEMSTRIP sensitivity

A

0.4 mg/dL urobilinogen

77
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for nitrite

A

p-arsanilic acid
Tetrahydrobenzo(h)-quinolin-3-ol

78
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for nitrite

A

Sulfanilamide, hydroxytetrahydro benzoquinoline

79
Q

MULTISTIX reagent for LE

A

Derivatized pyrrole amino acid ester
Diazonium salt

80
Q

CHEMSTRIP reagent for LE

A

Indoxylcarbonic acid ester
Diazonium salt

81
Q

reagent for Ascorbic acid

A

2,6-dichlorophenolindopheno

82
Q

pH principle

A

double indicator system of methyl red and bromothymol blue

83
Q

protein principle

A

protein (sorensen’s) error of indicator

84
Q

blood principle

A

pseudoperoxidase activity of Hgb

85
Q

urobilinogen principle

A

ehrlich’s rxn

86
Q

nitrite principle

A

greiss rxn

87
Q

LE principle

A

LE

88
Q

ascorbic acid principle

A

reduces a dye in the pad, causing color change BLUE —> ORANGE

89
Q

blood stip results

speckled blue: ?
uniform blue: ?

A

speckled blue: intact RBC (hematuria) - cloudy red urine

uniform blue: hgb and myoglobin (hemoglobinuria) - clear red urine

MTAP 1 (13 decks)

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