Atypical Cervical Vertebrae C2/axis

Question 1

names given to C2

Answer 1

axis or epistropheus

Question 2

unique vertebral body modification characteristic of C2

Answer 2

dens or odontoid process

Question 3

of joint surfaces present on the DENS

Answer 3

5

Question 4

joint surfaces on dens

Answer 4

facet for fovea dentis
groove for transverse atlantal ligament
attachment sites for alar ligaments
attachement site for the apical-dental ligament

Question 5

joint classifications represented at the dens

Answer 5

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint
synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid) joint

Question 6

name given to the odontoid process when the FACET for fovea dentist lies ABOVE the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the ATTACHMENT sites for the apical-dental ligament and alar ligaments appear to be directed POSTERIOR

Answer 6

lordotic dens

Question 7

name given to the odontoid process when the FACET for the fovea dentist lies BELOW the groove for the transverse atlantal ligament and the ATTACHMENT sites for the apical-dental and alar ligaments appear to be directed ANTERIOR

Answer 7

kyphotic dens

Question 8

joint sufaces present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2

Answer 8

anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves and cancellous bone

Question 9

of joints formed by the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2

Answer 9

5

Question 10

joint classifications present at the inferior part of the vertebral body of C2

Answer 10

fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
modified synovial saddle (diarthorsis sellar)
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis

Question 11

ligaments that attach posteriorly to the inferior epiphyseal rim of C2

Answer 11

membrana tectoria and posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 12

ligament that will represent the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament

Answer 12

membrana tectoria

Question 13

ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal ABOVE C2

Answer 13

membrana tectoria

Question 14

ligament forms the anterior boundary for the spinal canal BELOW C2

Answer 14

posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 15

lies on the superior surface of the pedicle of C2

Answer 15

superor articular process

Question 16

location of superior vertebral notch of C2

Answer 16

lamina-pedicle junction

Question 17

attaches to the lamina of C2

Answer 17

obliquus capitis inferior muscle
posterior atlanto-axial ligament
ligamentum flavum

Question 18

appearance of superior articular facets of C2

Answer 18

asymmetrical and slightly convex

Question 19

facet orientation of superior articular facet of C2

Answer 19

BUL

Question 20

orientation of the inferior articular facets of C2

Answer 20

FoLD

Question 21

what muscle attaches to the articular processes of C2

Answer 21

longissimus cervicis

Question 22

osseous parts of the typical cervical transverse process present at C2

Answer 22

costal element
posterior tubercle
true transverse process

Question 23

gender variation for the transverse diameter of C2

Answer 23

M: 57mm
F: about 50 mm

Question 24

muscles that attach to the transverse process of C2

Answer 24

levator scapulae
middle scalene
splenius cervicis
longissimus cervicis
intertransversarii

Question 25

characteristic appearance of C2 spinous process in humans

Answer 25

bifid

Question 26

muscles that attach to spinous process of C2

Answer 26

``` rectus capitis posterior major obliquus capitis inferior spinalis cervicis semispinalis cervicis multifidis rotators interspinalis muscles ```