Attribution Theory & Person Perception Flashcards
Attribution
how people explain behavior and mental processes of selves and others
Dispositional Attribution
explanation of behavior from person’s traits/personality
Situational Attribution
explains person’s behavior by external factors
Fundamental Attribution Error
overestimate that a person’s behavior caused by internal factors, and underestimate external factors causing behaviors
Actor Observer Bias
people judge own actions on external factors, while others explain person’s actions to internal factors
Self-Serving Bias
people refer successes to internal factors and failures to external factors
Optimism
looking for the best in everything; glass half-full
Pessimism
looking for the worst in everything, glass half empty
Internal Locus of Control
people believe that their in charge of themselves and their circumstances/outcomes
External Locus of Control
people believe outside force controls their fate
Mere Exposure Effect
happens when people are exposed to stimulus repeatedly over time, which causes them to like stimulus more
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
a person’s beliefs or expectations about themselves or other influence behavior, causing beliefs and expectations to come true
Social Comparison
comparing yourself to people who are either better or worse off than you
Upward Social Comparison
comparing oneself with someone who seems to be better off than oneself
Downward Social Comparison
comparing oneself with someone judged to be worse off than oneself
Relative Deprivation
sense of frustration that comes when individuals or groups compare self’s to other who are perceived to be more privileged
