Attraction - Filter Theory: Outline

Question 1

Filter theory:

Kerckoff and Davis (1962)

Answer 1

when choosing partners, we narrow down the ‘field of availables’

different filters are prominent at different stages

early stages: courtship, demographic similarities are most important

later stages: similarity in attitudes and values are most important (compatibility)

Question 2

Social demography:

Answer 2

variables (e.g. age, social background and geographical location) which determine the likelihood of individuals meeting in the first place

thus, were more likely to meet people from our own social, educational backgrounds and live close to us

we find them more attractive due to having more in common

Question 3

Similarity in attitudes:

Answer 3

individuals psychological characteristics e.g. agreement on attitudes and basic values

these are of central importance at the start of a relationship and the best predictor of a stable relationship

through their disclosures, individuals can weigh up their decision about whether to contribute or terminate the relationship

Question 4

Complementarity of needs:

Answer 4

people have different needs e.g. (being cared for/attention) and thus need people who can provide mutual satisfaction of these opposed needs

people need someone who COMPLEMENTS these needs

Winch (1958) suggested that ‘social needs’ should be complementary rather than similar if marriages are to work

people are attracted to others whose needs are harmonious with their own