Attraction and Intimacy Flashcards
Ostrasised people exhibit heightened activity in the brain area also activated in response to what?
physical pain
Define the Need to Belong.
a motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing positive interactions
What is proximity?
geographical nearness (functional distance)
What is the mere exposure effect?
tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them
Male and female attractivness predicts how frequently they __
date
What is the matching phenomena
tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a ‘good match’ in attractivness and other traits
Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __
attractiveness, warmth/status
Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __
warmth, attractiveness
Getting to know someone and find out they are dissimilar tends to __ liking
decrease
What area helps promote and maintain close relationships?
attitude allignment
What is complimentarity?
tendency in a relationship between 2 ppl for each to compliment what is missing in the other
Negative information about a person carries more __ and grabs more __ than positive information.
weight, attention
What is ingratiation?
the use of strategies such as flattery by which people seek to gain another’s favour
If you feel __ about yourself, you are likely to feel __ about relationships.
down, pessimistic
What is the reward theory of attraction?
theory that we like those whose behaviour is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events
What is passionate love?
a state of intense longing for union with another; lovers are absorbed with eachother, feel estatic at attaining their partner’s love and are disconsolate on losing it
What is the two factor theory of emotion?
arousal + it’s cognitive appraisal = emotion; arousal by any source can intensify passionate feelings
What brain areas does passionate love engage?
dopamine rich brain areas
What is Compassionate Love?
the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwinned, characterised by high levels of self disclosure
What does cooling off from an intense romantic relationship often trigger
disillusion
Define the model of self
extent to which a person perceives themselves as worthy of lobe and care
Define the model of other
extent to which a person perceives others as trusting/caring
What is attachment anxiety?
attachment dimension characterised by a preoccupation with r/ships and excessive need for reassurance and approval
What is attachment avoidance?
attachment dimension characterised by discomfort with closeness, excessive self resilience, and distrust of others
What is preoccupied attachment?
attachment marked by a sense of one’s own unworthiness and anxiety, ambivalence, and possessivness
What is dismissive attachment?
an avoidant r/ship style marked by distrust of others
What is fearful attachment?
an avoidant r/ship style marked by fear of rejection
What is secure attachment?
attachment rooted in trust and marked by intimacy
Low attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates…
a secure attachment style
Low attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates…
a preoccupied attachment style
High attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates…
a dismissive attachment style
High attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates…
a fearful attachment style
What is equity?
condition in which the outcomes people receive from a r/ship are proportional to what they contribute to it
In terms of marriage, what do percieved inequities trigger?
marital distress, which fosters perception of inequities
What is self disclosure?
revealing intimate aspects of one’s self to others
What is intimacy?
a feeling of closeness and connection that develops between partners
What is disclosure reciprocity?
the tendency for one person’s intimacy of self disclosure to match that of a conventional partner
Define social support.
physical and emotional support provided to another in times of need
What is demand-withdrawal?
a communication pattern where one person makes demands of another person, while the other withdraws from the conversation
What is mutual avoidance?
a communication pattern where two people avoid discussing a particular issue or problem
How can mutual avoidance be beneficial for relationships?
allows for time to calm down, and prevents negative communication
What are three factors that have been found to predict commitnment?
satisfaction level, investment size, quality of alternatives
What is personal commitment?
desire and feelings of personal dedication to maintain a relationship
What is moral commitment?
a person’s feeling of duty, obligation and moral responsibility to continue a relationship
What is structual commitment?
maintaining a relationship due to the costs or negative consequences of leaving it
Which commitment style most often leads to negative relationships?
moral commitment
What is the cohabitation effect?
living together before marriage may have negative effects
What factor may explain the cohabitation effect?
commitment
Individualists expect more __ in a marriage, which produces more pressure.
personal fulfillment
In terms of detachment., what two factors lead to a more painful break-up?
the closer/longer the relationship, & avaliable alternatives
What are the four responses to relationship distress?
loyalty, neglect, voice, exit
Name three features that may predict divorce or a dim marital future.
coldness, disillusionment, and hopelessness
What makes up Hatfield and Walster’s 3 factor theory of romantic love?
cultural exposure, presence of appropriate love object, emotional arousal
