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Social Psychology > Attraction and Intimacy > Flashcards

Attraction and Intimacy Flashcards

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1
Q

Ostrasised people exhibit heightened activity in the brain area also activated in response to what?

A

physical pain

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2
Q

Define the Need to Belong.

A

a motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing positive interactions

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3
Q

What is proximity?

A

geographical nearness (functional distance)

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4
Q

What is the mere exposure effect?

A

tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them

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5
Q

Male and female attractivness predicts how frequently they __

A

date

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6
Q

What is the matching phenomena

A

tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a ‘good match’ in attractivness and other traits

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7
Q

Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __

A

attractiveness, warmth/status

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8
Q

Fletcher, Simpson, and Thomas (2000) found looking for a short term r/ship find __ more important than __

A

warmth, attractiveness

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9
Q

Getting to know someone and find out they are dissimilar tends to __ liking

A

decrease

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10
Q

What area helps promote and maintain close relationships?

A

attitude allignment

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11
Q

What is complimentarity?

A

tendency in a relationship between 2 ppl for each to compliment what is missing in the other

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12
Q

Negative information about a person carries more __ and grabs more __ than positive information.

A

weight, attention

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13
Q

What is ingratiation?

A

the use of strategies such as flattery by which people seek to gain another’s favour

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14
Q

If you feel __ about yourself, you are likely to feel __ about relationships.

A

down, pessimistic

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15
Q

What is the reward theory of attraction?

A

theory that we like those whose behaviour is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events

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16
Q

What is passionate love?

A

a state of intense longing for union with another; lovers are absorbed with eachother, feel estatic at attaining their partner’s love and are disconsolate on losing it

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17
Q

What is the two factor theory of emotion?

A

arousal + it’s cognitive appraisal = emotion; arousal by any source can intensify passionate feelings

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18
Q

What brain areas does passionate love engage?

A

dopamine rich brain areas

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19
Q

What is Compassionate Love?

A

the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwinned, characterised by high levels of self disclosure

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20
Q

What does cooling off from an intense romantic relationship often trigger

A

disillusion

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21
Q

Define the model of self

A

extent to which a person perceives themselves as worthy of lobe and care

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22
Q

Define the model of other

A

extent to which a person perceives others as trusting/caring

23
Q

What is attachment anxiety?

A

attachment dimension characterised by a preoccupation with r/ships and excessive need for reassurance and approval

24
Q

What is attachment avoidance?

A

attachment dimension characterised by discomfort with closeness, excessive self resilience, and distrust of others

25
Q

What is preoccupied attachment?

A

attachment marked by a sense of one’s own unworthiness and anxiety, ambivalence, and possessivness

26
Q

What is dismissive attachment?

A

an avoidant r/ship style marked by distrust of others

27
Q

What is fearful attachment?

A

an avoidant r/ship style marked by fear of rejection

28
Q

What is secure attachment?

A

attachment rooted in trust and marked by intimacy

29
Q

Low attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates…

A

a secure attachment style

30
Q

Low attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates…

A

a preoccupied attachment style

31
Q

High attachment avoidance and low attachment anxiety creates…

A

a dismissive attachment style

32
Q

High attachment avoidance and high attachment anxiety creates…

A

a fearful attachment style

33
Q

What is equity?

A

condition in which the outcomes people receive from a r/ship are proportional to what they contribute to it

34
Q

In terms of marriage, what do percieved inequities trigger?

A

marital distress, which fosters perception of inequities

35
Q

What is self disclosure?

A

revealing intimate aspects of one’s self to others

36
Q

What is intimacy?

A

a feeling of closeness and connection that develops between partners

37
Q

What is disclosure reciprocity?

A

the tendency for one person’s intimacy of self disclosure to match that of a conventional partner

38
Q

Define social support.

A

physical and emotional support provided to another in times of need

39
Q

What is demand-withdrawal?

A

a communication pattern where one person makes demands of another person, while the other withdraws from the conversation

40
Q

What is mutual avoidance?

A

a communication pattern where two people avoid discussing a particular issue or problem

41
Q

How can mutual avoidance be beneficial for relationships?

A

allows for time to calm down, and prevents negative communication

42
Q

What are three factors that have been found to predict commitnment?

A

satisfaction level, investment size, quality of alternatives

43
Q

What is personal commitment?

A

desire and feelings of personal dedication to maintain a relationship

44
Q

What is moral commitment?

A

a person’s feeling of duty, obligation and moral responsibility to continue a relationship

45
Q

What is structual commitment?

A

maintaining a relationship due to the costs or negative consequences of leaving it

46
Q

Which commitment style most often leads to negative relationships?

A

moral commitment

47
Q

What is the cohabitation effect?

A

living together before marriage may have negative effects

48
Q

What factor may explain the cohabitation effect?

A

commitment

49
Q

Individualists expect more __ in a marriage, which produces more pressure.

A

personal fulfillment

50
Q

In terms of detachment., what two factors lead to a more painful break-up?

A

the closer/longer the relationship, & avaliable alternatives

51
Q

What are the four responses to relationship distress?

A

loyalty, neglect, voice, exit

52
Q

Name three features that may predict divorce or a dim marital future.

A

coldness, disillusionment, and hopelessness

53
Q

What makes up Hatfield and Walster’s 3 factor theory of romantic love?

A

cultural exposure, presence of appropriate love object, emotional arousal

Social Psychology (8 decks)

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