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Social Psychology > Attraction and Close Relationships > Flashcards

Attraction and Close Relationships Flashcards

Exam 3

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1
Q

What do people display when the need to belong is not met?

A

Depression, anxiety, efforts to restore relationships, and withdraw

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2
Q

What are exchange relationships?

A

People expect and desire equity in a relationship (expect immediate repayment of benefits)

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3
Q

What are examples of exchange relationships?

A

Strangers, acquaintances, business partners

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4
Q

What are communal relationships?

A

People expect and desire mutual responsiveness to each other’s needs (care for people without worrying about getting something for it)

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5
Q

What are examples of communal relationships?

A

Close friendships, romantic relationships, family

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6
Q

What is the social exchange theory?

A

Variables that predict satisfaction and commitment in relationships (romantic relationships possibly friendships)

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7
Q

What variables lead to satisfaction?

A

Rewards - Costs - Comparison Level (CL)

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8
Q

What variables lead to commitment?

A

Satisfaction - Comparison level for alternatives + Investments

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9
Q

Why was attachment theory created?

A

To explain how a child interacts with his/her parents

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10
Q

What is anxiety?

A

Fear of rejection and abandonment

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11
Q

What is avoidance?

A

Avoid intimacy in relationships

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12
Q

What are the 4 different attachment styles?

A

Secure, Anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, fearful-avoidant

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13
Q

What is a secure attachment style?

A

Confident, comfortable with intimacy

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14
Q

What is an anxious-preoccupied attachment style?

A

Seek out intimacy because they fear being abandoned (clingy)

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15
Q

What is a dismissive-avoidant attachment style?

A

Fear intimacy (self-reliant, don’t want to rely on others)

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16
Q

What is a fearful-avoidant attachment style?

A

Mixed feelings (want to be close, but aren’t comfortable with intimacy) high on both anxiety and avoidance

17
Q

What 5 things predict attraction?

A
  1. Proximity
  2. Physical Attractiveness
  3. Similarity
  4. Reciprocal Liking
  5. Reactance
18
Q

What is the propinquity (or Proximity) Effect?

A

The more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends

19
Q

What is the single best predictor of attraction?

A

Physical proximity or nearness

20
Q

What is the mere exposure effect?

A

The more often we are exposed to a stimulus, the more we come to like that stimulus

21
Q

What is an example of the mere exposure effect?

A

People like pictures of their mirror-image (what they usually see) while their friends like actual pictures

22
Q

What features are seen as attractive?

A

Large eyes, big smile, prominent cheekbones, symmetrical features

23
Q

Why do we like beautiful people?

A

It is inherently rewarding to be in the company of people who are attractive

24
Q

What is the ‘what is beautiful is good’ stereotype?

A

Belief that attractive people also possess positive personality characteristics (also called the halo effect)

25
Q

Is the ‘what is beautiful is good’ stereotype accurate?

A

Good-looking people do have more friends, better social skills, and a more active sex life, but beauty is not related to objective measures of intelligence, personality, or mental health

26
Q

Why do we like similar others?

A
  1. We’re more likely to meet similar others
  2. They provide us with validation for our characteristics and beliefs (make us think we’re right)
27
Q

What is reciprocity?

A

We like people who like us, or who like us back (reciprocal liking can be a self-fulfilling prophecy)

28
Q

What is reactance?

A

When we are told that we cannot have or do something, it often increases its desirability to us (secrecy also increases attractiveness)

29
Q

What are the 3 basic components of Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love?

A

Passion, intimacy, commitment

30
Q

What is passion?

A

Arousal, sexual attraction

31
Q

What is initmacy?

A

Feelings of being close to and bonded with one’s partner

32
Q

What is commitment?

A

Long term stability

33
Q

What is liking?

A

Intimacy alone
Ex: therapist, short-term friend

34
Q

What is companionate love?

A

Intimacy and Commitment
Ex: friends and family

35
Q

What is empty love?

A

Commitment alone
Ex: extended family, unhappy marriage

36
Q

What is fatuous love?

A

Passion and Commitment
Ex: sneaky link

37
Q

What is infatuation?

A

Passion alone
Ex: one night stand

38
Q

What is romantic love?

A

Intimacy and Passion
Ex: summer romance, vacation boyfriend

39
Q

What is consummate love?

A

Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment

Social Psychology (15 decks)

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