Attitudes and motivation

Question 1

Attitudes

Answer 1

• a predisposition to act in a particular way towards something or someone in a persons environment
• an enduring emotional and behavioural response
• unstable (can be changed and controlled)

Question 2

Positive attitudes are formed by:

Answer 2

• belief in the benefits of exercise
• enjoyable experiences in sport
• being good at a particular sport
• being excited about the challenge of sport

Using sport as a stress release

• the influence of others where participation is the norm

Question 3

Negative attitudes are formed by:

Answer 3

• not believing in the benefits of exercise
• a bad past experiences eg an injury
• a lack of ability
• fear of taking part in a sport
• suffering stress when taking part
• the influence of others when non-participation is the norm

Question 4

Components of attitudes. According to the triadic model, attitudes have three elements (components) BEB

Answer 4

1. Cognitive component

• what we know and believe about the attitude object (beliefs)

2. Affective component

• how we feel about the attitude object (emotions)

3. Behavioural component

• how we behave towards, respond to or intent to respond to the attitude object (behaviour)

Question 5

Methods of changing attitudes. State the 2 methods

Answer 5

1. Persuasive communication
2. Cognitive dissonance

Question 6

Persuasive communication

Answer 6

This is an active attempt to reinforce, modify or change the attitude of others

The effectiveness of the persuasion depends on

1. The persuader: the person attempting the change
2. The message: the quality of the message the persuader is giving
3. The receiver: the person whose attitude the persuader is trying to change

Question 7

Cognitive dissonance

Answer 7

• theory says individuals like to be consistent in what they do, feel and believe (triadic model)
• this theory results in individuals having contradictory thoughts about something or someone which creates an attitude

Question 8

Motivation and its three considerations

Answer 8

motivation is the psychological drive to succeed

1. Our inner drive towards achieve in a goal
2. External pressures and rewards we perceive
3. The intensity (arousal level) and the direction of our behaviour

Question 9

State the 2 types of motivation

Answer 9

1. Intrinsic motivation
2. Extrinsic motivation

Question 10

Define the two types of motivation

Answer 10

1. Intrinsic motivation = the drive from within. This includes feelings of fun, enjoyment and satisfaction
2. Extrinsic motivation = comes from an outside source eg trophies and rewards. It’s a valuable motivator for a beginner