attitudes

Question 1

what is attitude

Answer 1

a predisposition to act in a particular way towards something or someone in a person’s environment

Question 2

what are characteristics of attitude

Answer 2

• can be positive or negative
• usually directed towards a particular situation
• attitudes are a combination of beliefs and feelings we have
• attitudes are learned - rather than innate

Question 3

what are the 8 formations/origins of attitude

Answer 3

media, friends, past experiences, prejudice, coaches + teachers, socialisation, family, peers, friends

Question 4

what are social norms

Answer 4

behaviours that are deemed ‘normal’ within a culture and are created through a process called socialisation

Question 5

what is culture

Answer 5

members of a community learning certain behaviours that are shared among those within the community of people or our society

Question 6

what is a stereotype

Answer 6

a belief held by a collection of people about traits shared by a certain category of a person

Question 7

what is the triadic model

Answer 7

The three parts of an attitude: cognitive, affective, behavioural

Question 8

what is the cognitive element

Answer 8

our beliefs are formed through past experiences and by what we have learned from others

Question 9

what is the affective element

Answer 9

our emotional reactions to something we like or dislike is based on past experiences. Depending on how we felt about it last time we are more likely to feel the same

Question 10

what is the behavioural element

Answer 10

our behaviour is usually consistent with our beliefs but not always, it may not match cognitive + affective

Question 11

what is the key to changing attitudes

Answer 11

all elements must be consistent to make the attitude stable and this interdependence is the key to changing attitudes

Question 12

what is a method of changing attitudes

Answer 12

persuasive communication

Question 13

what does the effectiveness of the persuasion depend on

Answer 13

• the person doing the persuading
• the quality of the message
• the characteristics of who is being persuaded
• the situation

Question 14

in order to promote exercise and change the attitudes of those that are ‘non-exercisers’ the person doing the persuading should have a …

Answer 14

high status

Question 15

what is the cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 15

• refers to a situation involving conflicting attitudes, beliefs or behaviours.
• there is a tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions, yet when there is an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviours, something must change to eliminate the dissonance

Question 16

how do we change attitudes through the cognitive dissonance

Answer 16

must change one or more elements of the triadic model