Attacks On Laos, Cambodia And Bombing Of North Vietnam Flashcards

1
Q

When was attack on Cambodia and what was it?

A

1970 - USA had been secretly bombing Ho Chi Minh trail in Cambodia

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2
Q

Who was the ruler of Cambodia?

A

Prince Sihanouk, was neutral in war

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3
Q

What did pro-american Lon Nol say in 1970?

A

Told N. Vietnamese to leave Cambodia

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4
Q

What did N. Vietnamese do after being told to leave Cambodia?

A

They joined with Cambodian communist guerillas and attacked Nol’s government

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5
Q

What did Nixon send to defend Nol’s government?

A

50,000 ARVN and 30,000 US troops

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6
Q

When did Nixon say US troops had to be out of Cambodia by?

A

30th June, went on TV to explain why troops were going to Cambodia

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7
Q

Why did Nixon keep the Cambodia bombing secret?

A

Knowledge of the invasion would create US outrage

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8
Q

What were the consequences of the bombing on Cambodia?

A

Damage to Ho Chi Minh Trail11,000 communists killedNol stayed in powerCommunist bases destroyed

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9
Q

Where did communist pull back to after failing to take Nol’s government?

A

Pulled back far enough so ARVN couldn’t invade as they would be away from US support

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10
Q

After Cambodia bombing, which part of Ho Chi Minh trail did N. Vietnam use to get to S. Vietnam?

A

Laos part

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11
Q

What were the consequences of the Cambodia invasion in USA?

A

public outcry and protests in USACongress cancelled Gulf of Tonkin resolution and called for less funding for war

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12
Q

What happened in Laos in 1971?

A

S. Vietnamese government attacked Laos as the Laotian Ho Chi Minh trail was used more

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13
Q

What did USA agree to in Laos after much argument?

A

Providing air support for 21,000 ARVN troops

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14
Q

Why did N. Vietnam decide to fight for Laos?

A

Couldn’t lose trail

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15
Q

What military did N. Vietnam have in Laos?

A

36,000 troops and tanks

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16
Q

What was the result of the S. Vietnamese attack on Laos?

A

ARVN fled and US air cover suffered high casualties

17
Q

What questions did the invasion in Laos raise?

A

Doubts on Vietnamisation Despite N. Vietnamese bases and trail remaining secure, political power in Laos was still a struggle

18
Q

When was the Easter Offensive?

A

1972

19
Q

What did USA continue to do despite loss in Laos?

A

Withdraw US troops

20
Q

What were happening with peace negotiations?

A

Not reaching an agreement

21
Q

What happened on 30th March 1972?

A

120,000 N. Vietnamese troops crossed border to S. Vietnam and attacked in 3 different places

22
Q

VC joined in when N. Vietnamese troops crossed border, why was this a surprise?

A

Shortly before the attack, USA said invasion was not a serious possibility

23
Q

What pushed back N. Vietnamese in Easter Offensive?

A

ARVN and US air support

24
Q

When was the bombing of N. Vietnam?

A

1972

25
Q

What happened on 6th April 1972?

A

USA launched operation Linebacker

26
Q

What was Operation Linebacker?

A

Bombing of North Vietnam, no restriction on targetsNixon ordered mines to be dropped in Haiphong harbour and blockades to keep USSR nad China reaching N. Vietnam

27
Q

What were the consequences of Operation Linebacker?

A

. Almost wiped N. Vietnamese war industry. Severely disrupted USSR and China supplies. Destroyed communication Vietnamese. Led to USSR and China urging North Vietnameseto reach peace settlement