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Psychology > Attachment- Key studies > Flashcards

Attachment- Key studies Flashcards

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1
Q

Who investigated into the multiple stages of attachment?

A

Schaffer and Emerson

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2
Q

What was the procedure of Schaffer and Emersons study?

A
  • Observed interactions of babies with their attachment figures every day lives
  • Observed 60 babies
  • Assessed stranger anxiety and separation anxiety
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3
Q

What were the findings of Schaffer and Emersons research?

A
  • They supported the 4 stages of attachment
  • Around 90% of babies formed multiple attachments
  • The more sensitive the relationship with the care giver, the stronger the attachment
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4
Q

What is a strength of Schaffer and Emersons study?

A
  • It is a naturalistic observation therefore it has high ecological Validity
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5
Q

2 Weaknesses of Schaffer and Emersons study into attachment

A
  • Observer bias: researchers could see what they want to see
  • As interviews were also used social desirability bias could be present
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6
Q

What bowlby study supports maternal deprivation?

A

44 thieves study

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7
Q

What is the procedure of Bowlby’s 44 thieves study?

A
  • He interviewed 44 thieves and a control group of 44 normal people
  • Asked them about childhood attachment
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8
Q

What are the findings of Bowlby’s 44 thieves study?

A
  • Found that almost 50% of the thieves had experienced separation as an infant
  • <5% of the control group experienced separation
  • 32% of the 44 thieves were considered affectionless psychopaths
  • 86% of these emotionless psychopaths experienced separation as an infant
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9
Q

3 weaknesses of Bowlby’s 44 thieves study

A
  • Can lack accuracy and objectivity
  • Social desirability bias
  • There could be extraneous variables outside of separation such as poverty or conflict in the household
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10
Q

2 strengths of Ainsworths strange situation

A
  • High degree of control and replicability
  • Results have been replicated across cultures
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11
Q

2 Weaknesses of Ainsworths strange situation

A
  • Culturally biased towards western culture
  • Lacks ecological validity (lab)
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12
Q

Who conducted the Romanian orphan studies

A

Rutter

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13
Q

Outline the romanian orphan studies

A
  • Longitudinal study into children adopted from romanian orphanages and english orphanages
  • Found that children could recover from being adopted from uk orphanages
  • Children adopted before 6 months from romanian orphanages recovered however if they were adopted after then there were long lasting effects
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14
Q

Evaluation of rutters romanian orphan studies

A
  • Families could have displayed social desirability bias
  • Effects in romanian orphans could be due to other abuse faced
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15
Q

Who conducted a meta analysis of the strange situation

A
  • Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg
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16
Q

How many studies and over how many different countries did Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg look at?

A

32 studies over 8 countries

17
Q

What did Ijzendoorn and kroonenberg find?

A

Variations were found within cultures and countries therefore there is factors other than culture which effect attachment such as poverty

18
Q

Who conducted the Love quiz

A

Hazan and Shaver

19
Q

Outline Hazan and shavers love quiz study

A

-Questionnaire in a newspaper
Asked questions about love and also about childhood experiences
- 620 responses

20
Q

Evaluation of hazan and shavers love quiz

A
  • Volunteer sample
  • Social desirability bias
21
Q

Who conducted the adult attachment interview

A
  • Main
22
Q

Outline Mains adult attachment interview study

A
  • Conducted interviews finding out about whether a parents attachment to their child matches to their attachment with their caregiver
23
Q

Evaluation of Mains Adult attachment interview

A
  • Responses may be inaccurate
  • Social desirability bias
  • Investigator effects
24
Q

What were the findings of hazan and shavers love quiz

A
  • 620 responses
  • 56% had secure attachments as a child
  • 25% avoidant
  • 19% resistant
  • These attachment types had a positive correlation with their own romantic relations as an adult

Psychology (18 decks)

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