ATP-PC and LA

Question 1

What types of energy are involved in bioenergetics?

Answer 1

Kinetic, heat and chemical

Question 2

ATP

Answer 2

Only compound that can be used for energy within the body
Stored within the cells of the tissue
Energy is within the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups

Question 3

Energy sources

Answer 3

Carbohydrates > Glucose
Lipids > Fatty acids
Proteins > Amino Acids (only used in starvation)

Question 4

ATP breakdown

Answer 4

Adenosine triphosphate > ATP broken down by ATPase to Adenosine Diphosphate and phosphate

Question 5

Cellular respiration

Answer 5

Series of chemical reactions where glucose and oxygen are used to produce ATP (goes to glycolysis, Kreb and ETC)

Question 6

ATP for chemical work

Answer 6

Glucose to glycogen
Glycerol and fatty acids to TAG
Amino acids to new proteins
ALL BY ATP ENERGY USE

Question 7

ATP for mechanical work

Answer 7

Muscular contraction occurs due to ATP

Question 8

ATP for transport work

Answer 8

Movement of potassium and sodium though cell

Question 9

When is ATP system used?

Answer 9

Fight or flight mechanism, quick energy

Question 10

Energy systems: Formation of ATP

Answer 10

Phosphocreatine > creatine + phosphate through creatine kinase
ADP + phosphate from creatine join to make ADP and creatine is exreted by kidneys

Question 11

Where does the breakdown of sugar /ATP-PC system in general happen?

Answer 11

Sarcoplasm in muscle cell

Question 12

Formation of ATP

Question 13

Sources of creatine

Answer 13

• Powder
• Salmon
• Meat
• Eggs

Question 14

Phosphorylation cycle

Answer 14

Turning Phosphocreatine into ATP to make usable energy
PCr through creatine kinase > Phosphate and creatine > ADP and phosphate > ATP

Question 15

Phosphorylation

Answer 15

Resynthesis of ATP from ADP using phosphocreatine

Question 16

What happens when PCr has depleted?

Answer 16

Relies on the liver
Glycogenesis to make glucose or break down other sugar (stored in the liver)

Question 17

Carbohydrates

Answer 17

• Glucose in blood
• Glycogen in muscle and liver
• Glycolysis/oxidative system (2-3000 kcal total)

Question 18

Fats

Answer 18

• Stored as triglycerides
• Oxidative system (approx. 75,000 calories total)

Question 19

Protein

Answer 19

• Not a primary energy source for energy production during exercise

Question 20

When movement begins, ATP is broken down for energy

Answer 20

ATP + Water <– ATPase –> ADP + Pi + Hydrogen

Question 21

Once ATP is used up…

Answer 21

Creatine phosphate takes over to regenerate more ATP

Question 22

Creatine phosphate helps regenerate ATP

Answer 22

Quickly reforms ATP from ADP and Pi as the Pi comes from PCr

Question 23

How many ATP comes from 1 phosphocreatine (PCr)

Answer 23

1

Question 23

Enzyme used to break apart PCr is…

Answer 23

Creatine kinase

Question 24

What fibres are creatine kinase highest in?

Answer 24

IIb > IIa > I

Question 25

Does the ATP-PC system have any biproducts?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

How long does the ATP-PC system last?

Answer 26

10-15 seconds

Question 27

How quickly are phosphocreatine stores replenished, and therefore the system has energy again?

Answer 27

2-3 minutes

Question 28

Names for the lactic acid system?

Answer 28

Anaerobic glycolytic system Fast glycolysis system Lactate system

Question 29

Lactic acid system overview

Answer 29

- Provides energy for moderate intensity exercise 910s to 3 mins) - Anaerobic - Lactate as a by product - Recovery takes between 30 minutes and 2 hours

Question 30

What does the lactic acid system use as fuel?

Answer 30

Glycogen or glucose

Question 31

LACTIC ACID SYSTME VIDEO DOCTOR MIKE

Question 32

In a mammalian cell, most of the enzymes are located of the citric acid cycle are located in the...

Answer 32

Mitochindrial matrix

Question 33

Pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis enters the citric acid cycle after it has been converted to...

Answer 33

Acetyl CoA

Question 34

Most of the ATP made during cellular respiration is generated by...

Answer 34

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 35

Which metabolic pathway or process is common to both aerobic and anaerobic oxidation of sugar?

Answer 35

Glycolysis

Question 36

Oxidative decarboxylation's

Answer 36

Involve the loss of CO2 and the production of NADH

Question 37

The TCA/kreb's cycle cycle is involved in....

Answer 37

- Generation of energy from pyruvate - Synthesis of amino acids - Degradation of amino acids - Synthesis of fatty acids

Question 38

Coenzyme Q is involved in electron transport chain

Answer 38

As a lipid-soluble electron carrier

Question 39

Which organ is the richest source of glycogen?

Answer 39

Liver

Question 40

Approximately, how many kcal of glycogen / glucose does the body store?

Answer 40

2000-2500 kcal

Question 41

Where in the cell does the LA system take place?

Answer 41

Sarcoplasm

Question 42

How many bonds does a carbon atom have?

Answer 42

4

Question 43

What is the net ATP production from the breakdown one glucose molecule during glycolysis?

Answer 43

2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 44

Which is not an enzyme associated with the LA system?

Answer 44

Citrate synthase (CS)

Question 45

What atom is stripped away by NAD?

Answer 45

Hydrogen

Question 46

Glucose / glycogen is broken down into...

Answer 46

2x lactic acid molecule (3Carbons)

Question 47

What is the net ATP production from the breakdown one glycogen molecule during glycolysis?

Answer 47

3 ATP