ATP

Question 1

What does ATP consist of ?

Answer 1

• Nitrogenous organic base
• Ribose sugar
• 3 phosphate groups

Question 2

What are the uses of ATP

Answer 2

PROVIDING ENERGY
for active transport, muscle contraction and protein synthesis

and

PHOSPHOYLATION
of molecules to lower Ea / make substrates more reactive

Question 3

What is the function of ATP

Answer 3

As an immediate source of energy (for biological processes like metabolism) because only 1 bond needs to be hydrolysed

Question 4

In which reactions is ATP produced

Answer 4

photosynthesis and IN respiration

Question 5

How is ATP resynthesized

Answer 5

ATP is resynthesized by the condensation of ADP and Pi. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme ATP synthase during photosynthesis, or during respiration.

Question 6

How is ATP hydrolysed

Answer 6

using ATP hydrolase, by breaking one of the bonds between the inorganic phosphate groups by the addition of a water molecule, releasing a small amount of energy to the surroundings

Question 7

What is phosphorylation

Answer 7

making other compounds more reactive

Question 8

What are the 5 ATP properties?

Answer 8

• ATP releases energy in small manageable amounts so no energy is wasted as heat
• It’s small and soluble to easily transport around the cell, so it can move in cytoplasm with ease to provide energy for chemical reactions
• Only one bond is hydrolysed to release energy so the energy release is immediate
• It can transfer energy to another molecule by transferring one of its phosphate groups, so it can phosphorylate other compounds (make them reactive)
• ATP can’t pass out of cell so cell always has an immediate source of ATP