ATP

Question 1

What is the full meaning of ATP

Answer 1

Adenosine triphosphate

Question 2

Draw the structure of ATP and label it

Answer 2

Check physical flash cards to see if you got it right

Question 3

What is adenosine triphosphate

Answer 3

It is a nucleotide derivative (derived) and is formed from a molecule of ribose, a molecule of adenine and three phosphate groups

Question 4

What is adenine and ribose called?

Answer 4

Adenosine

Question 5

What makes ATP different from nucleotides?

Answer 5

It has no variation of bases

Question 6

What is ADP and why is it formed?

Answer 6

Adenosine diphosphate, it is formed because the third phosphate group is unstable because it stores the highest form of energy, so energy rich

Question 7

What phosphate groups store the highest form of energy?

Answer 7

The second and third phosphate groups

Question 8

Because the third phosphate group is so unstable, what does it do?

Answer 8

Makes its way to release energy by hydrolysis

Question 9

During respiration, what is released and where is it stored?

Answer 9

Energy is released and is stored in ATP within the bonds

Question 10

The hydrolysis of ATP forms which products?

Answer 10

Adenosine diphosphate and an inorganic phosphate group

Question 11

What catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?

Answer 11

ATP hydrolase

Question 12

How is ATP resynthesized?

Answer 12

By the condensation of ADP and Pi

Question 13

Where is ATP resynthesized?

Answer 13

In the mitochondria

Question 14

What is the name of the enzyme that catalyses the condensation of ADP and Pi?

Answer 14

ATP synthase

Question 15

How many carbon sugar is ribose?

Answer 15

5 carbon sugar

Question 16

When is ATP synthase used?

Answer 16

During photosynthesis/ respiration

Question 17

Give another function of the inorganic phosphate?

Answer 17

It can be used to phosphorylate other compounds, often to make them more reactive

Question 18

What is phosphorylation?

Answer 18

The process in which a phosphate group is to a molecule

Question 19

Where is ATP transported to?

Answer 19

To where it is required

Question 20

Name some reactions that require energy

Answer 20

• Muscle contraction
• Mitosis and meiosis
• Active transport
• Cell division

Question 21

Why is ATP biologically useful?

Answer 21

• It is quickly hydrolysis to release energy
• It releases energy in small, manageable amounts
• Quickly reformed
• Lowers activation energy
• Adds a phosphate group

Question 22

Draw the ATP cycle

Answer 22

Check physical flash cards to see if you got it right

Question 23

What is the function of spindle fibers?

Answer 23

It separates and pulls apart chromosomes

Question 24

Name a structure of spindle fibers that require ATP

Answer 24

Contractile proteins, actin and myosin

Question 25

Give a brief structure and function of contractile proteins

Answer 25

They overlap and lay in between fibers, when they contract, they shorten which requires energy

Question 26

Give another reaction where ATP is used that was not stated before?

Answer 26

Protein synthesis and most metabolic reactions

Question 27

Give the process of muscle contraction

Answer 27

• ATP binds to contractile proteins
• Contractile protein is raised to touch the muscle fibres
• Muscles are contracted
• Phosphate group will be dissociated
•Moves to mitochondria to synthesize ATP
• ATPs been hydrolysis and energy has been released
• ADP is released, contractile protein detaches from the muscle fiber and returns to its original position
• Muscle relaxes