Atomic Structure UNIT 1 Flashcards
Relative mass and charge of a neutron
Mass…..1
Chase……0
Relative mass and charge of a proton
Mass…. 1
Charge….. +1
Relative mass and charge of an electron
Mass……. 1/2000
Charge…….-1
All atoms of the same element have the …….. Number of protons
SAME
Neutral atoms have the same number of what?
Protons and electrons
What makes an atom neutral
Having the same number of electrons and protons
Isotopes can have different physical properties such as……. Why?
Different densities, rates of diffusion
Physical properties depend more on the mass of the atom
Define relative isotopic mass
Mass of an atom of an isotope of an element compared with 1/12 the mass of carbon12
Electron shells are made up of…
Sub-shells and orbitals
Each electron shell is given a number called what
Principal quantum number
What does it mean the energy shell is further from the nucleus
The higher it’s energy and the larger it’s principal quantum number
The two electrons in each orbital spin in the…..
Opposite direction
Which sub shell fills first…3d or 4s? Why?
4s because it has a lower energy level than 3d, even though it’s principal quantum number is bigger
Examples of transition metals acting unusually
Cr and Cu donate one of their 4s electrons to the 3d sub shell, as they are happier with a more stable full or half full d sub shell
When they become ions they lose their 4s electrons before their 3d electrons
The number of outer shell electrons decides the ………. ……..
Chemical properties