Atomic Structure✔️

Question 1

Atom

Answer 1

The smallest possible particle of an element.

Question 2

Element

Answer 2

A substance that contains only one type of atom.

Question 3

Compound

Answer 3

A substance that contains more than one type of atom. The atoms are chemically bonded together.

Question 4

Molecule

Answer 4

A molecule is a particle that contains more than one atom, chemically bonded together. There can be molecules of compounds or elements.

Question 5

Substance

Answer 5

A substance can be an element or a compound.

Question 6

Mixture

Answer 6

A mixture contains two or more substances. They are not chemically bonded together.

Question 7

What do the numbers above and below the letters on the periodic table mean?

Answer 7

Top number-mass number

Bottom number-proton/atomic number

Question 8

What are the 3 sub-atomic particles which make up an atom?

Answer 8

Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Question 9

What is the energy levels/ energy shells?

Answer 9

The (line) around the nucleus which the electrons orbit on.

Question 10

What is the relative mass and charge of a proton?

Answer 10

Relative mass:1

Charge:+1

Question 11

What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?

Answer 11

Relative mass:1

Charge:0

Question 12

What is the relative mass and charge of a electron?

Answer 12

Relative mass:1/2000

Charge:-1

Question 13

No. of protons =

Answer 13

No. of electrons (so atoms have no overall charge)

Question 14

How do you work out the mass number?

Answer 14

Mass number=No. of protons+No. of neutrons

No. of neutrons=Mass number-Proton number

Question 15

What are isotopes?

Answer 15

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.

Question 16

What does the proton number define?

Answer 16

It defines the element.

Question 17

What does the mass number define?

Answer 17

The mass number defines the isotope.

Question 18

How do you name isotopes?

Answer 18

They are called the element-the mass number.

Question 19

For an isotope what properties stay the same and what properties change?

Answer 19

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES - The electrons determine the chemical properties of an element - STAY THE SAME

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - Physical properties such as melting point, boiling point and density - CHANGE

Question 20

What is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 20

RAM is the average mass of the element.

Question 21

How do you work out the relative atomic mass?

Answer 21

RAM=(mass of A1 x % of A1) + (mass of A2 x % of A2) + (…) +

And then all of it over 100

Question 22

What is electronic configuration?

Answer 22

The number of energy levels which is determined by the number of electrons.
1st level-2 electrons
2nd level-8 electrons
3rd level-8 electrons

Question 23

How do you draw electronic configurations?

Answer 23

You draw from the inside energy level out.

For the 2nd and 3rd shells you do 4 dots then pair them up.

Question 24

What does the group number show?

Answer 24

The number of electrons in the outer shell.

Question 25

What does the period number show?

Answer 25

The number of occupied energy levels.

Question 26

What shell affects the chemical properties?

Answer 26

The outer most.

Question 27

How reactive are the elements in group 1?

Answer 27

They get more reactive as you go down.

And since it is easier to remove an electron they are more reactive.

Question 28

How reactive are the elements in group 7?

Answer 28

And since it is harder to gain an electron they are less reactive.

Question 29

What are group 0 elements often called?

Answer 29

Noble gases, very unreactive because they have no space on the outer shell to lose or gain an electron.

Question 30

Describe a diagram of an atom:

Answer 30

In the centre there are the protons and neutrons in the nucleus(which can represented as a circle round the protons and neutrons) and the big circles around represent the energy shells/energy levels and the electrons are on the energy shells/energy levels