Atomic, Molecular, & Cellular Key Words Flashcards
Cell membrane
Semi-permeable barrier from extra/intracellular compartments. Maintains membrane for attachment of ligaments. Controls what comes/goes.
Centrioles
Help the divide of chromatids during mitosis and meiosis
Small vacuole
Stores waste, nutrients & materials. These get transported in/out of the cell.
Lysosome
“Garbage Disposal”
Breaks down and digests waste material & makes them usable
Golgi apparatus
“Post Office”
Takes molecules & alter/refine them for secretion and internal use. Produces lysosomes.
Ribosomes
Where protein synthesis occurs. Made up of RNA & protein. Found throughout the cell.
Mitochondria
POWERHOUSE OF THE CELL!
- Cellular respiration
- Generates ATP
- Located throughout the cytoplasm
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: rER
- Has ribosomes
- Proteins can be chem modified here then transported (golgi app)
- Produces, modifies & packages secretory proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum: sER
- No ribosomes
- Enzymes the synthesizes membrane lipids & detox drugs.
- Produces, modifies, & packages lipids/carbs
Cytoplasm
Supports and protects cell organelles
Cytoskeleton
Helps cell maintain shape/structure. Affects cell division & movement of organelles.
Nucleus
Controls the entire cell and contains DNA of the cell. Located in the center of the cell and produces ribosomal subunits.
Mitosis
Creating identical sister/daughter cells from the parent cells
Mitosis steps
PMAT Cytokinesis
Prophase: Chromosomes are visible and are condensing.
Metaphase: Nucleus is dissolved and chromosomes are lined up int he center.
Anaphase: Chromatids are pulled to opposites side of the cell with the use of spindles.
Telophase: New nuclei are being formed around the chromatids.
Cytokinesis: Final stage when cytoplasm is split.
Electrolytes
Molecules that can separate into ions in body fluids.
Cations (+) & Anions (-)
