ATI CH 7 anxiety disorders Flashcards
Name selected antidepressants used to treat anxiety disorders.
Parozetine( Paxil).. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Sertraline( Zoloft).. (SSRI)
Venlafaxine( Effexor).. A serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
Name some antidepressants that help treat anxiety disorders.
Amitriptyline (Elavil)..a tricyclics antidepressant (TCA)
Clomipramine (Anafranil) (TCA)
Name a antihistamine that helps treat anxiety disorders.
The antihistamine hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
Name a beta blocker that helps treat anxiety disorders.
Propranolol ( Inderal)
Name a anticonvulsant that helps treat anxiety disorders
The anticonvulsant gabapentin (Neurontin) helps treat anxiety disorders.
What is the prototype drug for this class of drugs…Sedative hypnotic anxiolytic-benzodiazepine
alprazolam (Xanax)
What are other meds in the class of SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC ANXIOLYTICS - BENZODIAZEPINE
diazepam (Valium) lorazepam (Ativan) chlordiazeapoxide ( Librium) clorazepate (Tranxene) oxazepam (Serax) clorazepate ( Klonopin)
What does diazepam enhance?
Diazepam enhances the inhibitory effects of gamma- aminobutyric acid in the CNS. relief from anxiety occurs rapidly after administration.
What are uses for BENZODIAZEPINES
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) & panic disorder Seizure disorders Insomnia Muscle spasm Alcohol withdrawal Induction of anesthesia Amnesiac prior to surgery or procedures
What pregnancy category is diazepam?
Category D
What schedule of drugs is BENZODIAZEPINES considered?
Class 4.
Diazepam is contraindicated in clients who…
Have sleep apnea, respiratory depression, and or glaucoma.
Use diazepam cautiously in clients who,have liver disease and or a history of mental illness or a substance use disorder.
They are typically used short term due to the risk 4 dependence
What is the prototype drug of the class of drugs ATYPICAL ANXIOLYTICS/NON BARBITUATE ANXIOLYTIC
buspirone (BuSpar)
What are the therapeutic uses of
ATYPICAL ANXIOLYTIC/NONBARBITUATE ANXIOLYTIC
panic disorder
Social anxiety disorder
Obsessive- compulsive and related disorders
Trauma and stressor related disorders(PTSD)
Buspirone
Pregnancy category B
Not recommended for woman who are breastfeeding
Use cautiously in older adults and clients who have liver or kidney dysfunction
Name some medication and food interactions that react with Buspirone.
Erythromycin
Ketoconazole
St. John’s wart
Grapefruit juice
What is the prototype drug of
SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS
(SSRI ANTIDEPRESSANTS)
paroxetine(Paxil)
What are other SSRI ANTIDEPRESSANTS
sertraline (Zoloft)
escitalopram (Lexapro)
fluoxetine (Prozac)
fluvoxamine (Luvox)
What is pharmalogical action of paroxtine?
Paroxetine selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake, allowing more serotonin to stay at the junction of the neurons
Paroxetine
Does not block uptake of dopamine or norepinephrine
Causes CNS stimulation which can cause insomnia
Has a long half life/ a time frame of 4 was is necessary to produce therapeutic med levels
What are uses of paroxetine ( Paxil)?
GAD panic disorder OCD social anxiety disorder Trauma & stressor related disorders
What is sertraline (Zoloft) indicated for?
Panic disorder
OCD
social anxiety disorder
PTSD
What is escitalopram (Lexapro) used for?
GAD
OCD
What is fluxetine (Prozac) used for?
Panic disorder
OCD
What is fluvoxamine (Luvox) used for?
OCD
social anxiety disorder
What are the contraindications/precautions of Paroxetine?
It is contraindicated in clients taking MAOI’s or a TCA
pregnancy category D
avoid alcohol
Use cautiously in clients who,have liver and kidney dysfunction, seizure disorders or a history of GI bleeding.
What are 2 subgroups of sedative-hypnotics?
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
What are the 2 suffixes for benzodiazepines?
- azepam……diazepam, lorazepam,
- azolam………..midazolam, alprazolam
What are suffixes for barbituates?
- Pental………..Thiopental
- barbital……..Phenobarbitol
Name the major medications used to treat anxiety disorders.
Benzodiazepine sedative anxiolytics
Atypical anxiolytics/ nonbarbitrate anxiolytics
Selected antidepressants
